Math 21, Fall, 2000

Math 21, Fall, 2000

Lehigh University

5.0  Sigma notation.

Summation formulas

Example 2 Find
n
å
i = 1 
3
n
æ
ç
è
æ
ç
è
i
n
ö
÷
ø
2

 
+1 ö
÷
ø
.

Solution


n
å
i = 1 
3
n
æ
ç
è
æ
ç
è
i
n
ö
÷
ø
2

 
+1 ö
÷
ø
=
n
å
i = 1 
3
n
æ
ç
è
i
n
ö
÷
ø
2

 
+ n
å
i = 1 
3
n
·1
=
3
n3
n
å
i = 1 
i2+ 3
n
n
å
i = 1 
1
=
3
n3
n(n+1)(2n+1)
6
+ 3
n
n
=
(n+1)(2n+1)
2n2
+3.
Note how the formulas for the sums of powers of the first n integers are used. This is a common theme here. Also don't forget about the sum of 1's as being 1+1+1+¼, n times.

Copyright (c) 2000 by David L. Johnson.


File translated from TEX by TTH, version 2.61.
On 30 Dec 2000, 00:11.