VITA

Mark H. Bickhard

Date: 30 Sep 15

University:

17 East Memorial Drive
Lehigh University
Bethlehem, PA 18015
610-758-3633 office
610-758-4792 office
610-758-3630 department
610-758-6277 fax
mhb0@lehigh.edu
http://www.lehigh.edu/~mhb0/mhb0.html

EDUCATION:

Ph.D. Human Development; University of Chicago; 1973.
Dissertation:A Model of Developmental and Psychological Processes.

ClinicalInternship; University of Chicago Counseling Center; 1969-1971.

M.S.Statistics; University of Chicago; 1970.

B.S.Mathematics; University of Chicago; 1966.

PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE:

Henry R. Luce Professor in
Cognitive Robotics and The Philosophy of Knowledge
Philosophy,Cognitive Science, Psychology, Biology, Counseling, Computer Science
LehighUniversity - 1990 to present.

Director,Institute for Interactivist Studies, Lehigh University
2000 to present

Director,Complex Systems Research Group, Lehigh University
1999 to 2005

Director,Cognitive Science Program, Lehigh University,
1992 to 2003.

PsychologistLicense, State of Pennsylvania, 1991

Professor,Educational Psychology
University of Texas at Austin - 1986 to 1990.

AssociateProfessor, Educational Psychology
University of Texas at Austin - 1979 to 1986.

AssistantProfessor, Educational Psychology
University of Texas at Austin - 1972 to 1979.

ResearchConsultant; The Center for Psychosocial Studies,
Chicago; 1977 to 1980.
____________________
A center devoted to the development of a critique of social processes and institutions from a psychological perspective. Its then current focus was on the nature and construction of social meaning. My involvement derived from the center's interest in my models of psychological and sociological processes.

Certificationand Licensing; Texas Board of Examiners
of Psychologists; 1975.

ResearchConsultant; National Opinion Research Center,
University of Chicago; 1973 to 1977.
____________________
Multiple-stage least squares analyses of continuous national survey data with respect to structural systems models of contemporaneous and time lagged national influences.

ContractInstructor; California School of Professional
Psychology, Los Angeles; Summer 1975.

VisitingSenior Study Director; National Opinion Research
Center, University of Chicago; May 1973 to August 1973.
____________________
A continuous full probability national survey, whose clients were primarily federal agencies, including HEW, DOA, DOT, and FEO. My responsibilities were most centrally involved with the agency relationships in Washington, D.C., project management, and the design of a software system and computer language for the file maintenance and statistical analysis of the data.

ResearchConsultant; University of Chicago Industrial
Relations Center; Summer 1970 to Summer 1972.
____________________
The focal project that I was involved with was the design and analysis of a large scale model of organizational processes. The model was a two layer hierarchically embedded structural model involving several sets of social psychological variables on work groups as the primary analytic units. Longitudinal data was collected from a large service corporation over a three year period.

Psychotherapist;Chicago Counseling and Psychotherapy Research Center; Summer 1971 to Summer 1972.
____________________
The center was organized by the members of the University of Chicago Counseling Center on their own time and at their own expense when the clinical program was eliminated at the University. The Center was conceived of as a community service organization with low fees and extensive community contacts. We were engaged primarily in individual therapy, but with some group, family, and child therapy.

ResearchStatistician; Illinois State Commission on Drug Abuse; Summer 1970 to 1971.
____________________
My primary involvement was with the development of explanatory and predictive models for such variables as cessation of criminal activities, holding a job, successful heroin detoxification, length of stay in treatment, optimal treatment mode for various personality types, etc.

GroupLeader; Employment Service Institute;
Fall 1970 to Fall 1971.

ComputerProgrammer; various settings; 1964 to 1978.

Psychotherapist;Private Practice; 1975 to 1990.

TEACHING EXPERIENCE:

Courses Taught:


Philosophy Faculty Seminar: Naturalism#
Philosophy of Psychology
Metaethics#
Philosophyof Language
Philosophy of Mind
Cognitive Robotics#
Philosophy of Biology
Action, Free Will, and Fate
The Minds of Men and Robots
Philosophy Faculty Seminar: The Origins and Errors of Analytic Philosophy#
Philosophy Faculty Seminar: A Naturalism of Persons#
Philosophy Faculty Seminar: Ontological Psychology#
Philosophy Faculty Seminar: The Whole Person#
Figures and Themes in 19th Century Philosophy: Pragmatism#
Figures and Themes in Contemporary Philosophy: Early Analytic#
Figures and Themes in Contemporary Philosophy: Naturalism#
Ontological Psychology#
Philosophy of Science#
Introduction to Linguistics
Senior Seminar in Cognitive Science
Cognitive Modeling#
Current Topics in Cognition
Psycholinguistics#
Seminar - Communication and Language#
Advanced Seminar in Cognition: Representation and Cognition#
Systematics and Evolution
Artificial Intelligence
Research Methodology#
Linear Models and Decisions#
Child Development - Cognitive#
Child Development - Language#
Child Development - Social#
Construction of Personality#
Seminar on Personality#
Motivation and Emotion
Personality and Mental Health
Ethics, Values, and Psychology#
Biological Bases of Behavior
Fortran Computer Programming#
Individual in Society
Individual Through the Life Cycle
Introduction to Developmental, Social, and Personality
Introduction to Individual Counseling
Client Centered Therapy#
Experiential Psychotherapy#
Existential Psychotherapy
Philosophical Foundations of Psychotherapy#
Counseling Practicum Seminar
Advanced Seminar in Psychotherapy#

#These courses are original developments of mine

PROFESSIONAL MEMBERSHIPS:

American Association for the Advancement of Science
American Association for Artificial Intelligence
American Mathematical Society
American Philosophical Association
American Psychological Association
American Psychological Society
Association for Symbolic Logic
Cognitive Development Society
Cognitive Science Society
EUCOG III
International Society for History, Philosophy, and Social Studies of Biology
International Society for Theoretical Psychology
International Society for the Study of Behavioural Development
Jean Piaget Society
Linguistic Society of America
Mathematical Association of America
Philosophy of Science Association
Society for Machines and Mentality
Society for Philosophy and Psychology
Society for Research in Child Development
The Mind Association

EDITORIAL BOARDS:

Editor New Ideas in Psychology
Journal of Cognitive Systems Research
Science and Consciousness Review

BOARD MEMBERSHIPS:

Board member, Jean Piaget Society, 2005 - 2008; 2009 - 2012; 2013 - .

AWARDS AND RECOGNITIONS:

Awards.

Henry R. Luce Professorship in Cognitive Robotics and the Philosophy of Knowledge. Three Year Extension Award. Henry R. Luce Foundation. $350,000 1995-1998.

AssociateInvestigator: Reduction and emergence in non-linear dynamical systems. 3 Year Funding 1998-2000. Australian Research Council. University of Newcastle, Australia.

PrincipalInvestigator. National Science Foundation: Biocomplexity: Complex Systems from Physics to Biology - Incubation Award. 1 year: 2000-2001. $99,970. Lehigh University Complex Systems Group.

InternationalAssociate, International Research Exchange Grant, Australian Research Council, 2001: Investigation of foundational concepts and principles for complex organised autonomous systems. Universities of Newcastle [Australia], the Basques [Spain], and Lehigh [USA].

Recognitions.

Symposium on Foundational Questions in Linguistics. With commentary by Petr Sgall, Victor Yngve, Richard Janney, E. Itkonen. Organized by Jacob Mey and Richard Janney of the Journal of Pragmatics. Symposium organized around my work in linguistics at the International Congress of Linguists, Quebec, Canada, August 11, 1992.

Fulbrightstudent attending Lehigh in order to work with me. Sonia Jimnez-Surez, a Fulbright student from the University of the Andes, Bogota, Colombia, on psychopathology and psychotherapy. 1992.

Invitedfor six week visit to University of Newcastle, Australia, to work with Professor Cliff Hooker and his graduate students. June, July, 1995.

Presentedthe Inaugural Master Class in Cognitive Science at Philosophy And Computers & Cognitive Science (PACCS), State University of New York, Binghamton, September 18, 1998.

Sixweek visit from Dr. Wayne Christensen, from University of Newcastle, Australia, to work on my model, November-December, 1998.

Organizedan International conference on Adaptive Agent Dynamics and Cognition, Lehigh University, April 23-25, 1999.

Threeweek visit from Dr. Wayne Christensen, from University of Newcastle, Australia, to work on my model, May 1999.

Sabbaticalvisit, six weeks, to work on my model by Richard Campbell, Professor, from Australian National University, Canberra, Australia, April-May, 2000.

FirstPrize, Best Paper Award - General Systems, Anticipation, and Epistemology at CASYS 2000, Fourth International Conference on Computing Anticipatory Systems, August 7-12, 2000, Liege, Belgium.

Threeweek visit to work on my model by Professor Georgi Stojanov, from SS. Cyril and Methodius University, Skopje, Macedonia, September, 2000.

InvitedFaculty, Bolzano International Schools in Cognitive Analysis, Bolzano, Italy, September 18-22, 2000.

InauguralAddress for Cognitive Science Program, Montclair State University, New Jersey, October 11, 2000.

Invitedplenary address: An Integration of Motivation and Cognition. Development and Motivation Conference, April 16-18, 2002, Bowness, The Lake Country, England.

Invitedplenary address: Process and Emergence: Normative Function and Representation. Processes - Analysis and Application of Dynamic Categories. An Interdisciplinary Workshop on Non-Reductive Theories of Processes. June 5-8, 2002, Sandbjerg Castle, Snderborg, Denmark. Sponsored by the University of Aarhus, Denmark.

Invitationto Getting beyond Genes, Neurons, and Individual Minds. University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, April 18-20, 2003. Organizer: Evelyn Fox Keller.

Invitationas a Primary Lecturer, University of Geneva, Archives Jean Piaget, Advancedcourse of the Foundation Piaget on Norms and Development, September 22-27, 2003.

Invitedfaculty for the Herbstakademie, Complex Systems in Psychology; Monte Verit, Ascona, Switzerland, October 18-22, 2003.

InvitedPlenary Talk Austrian Society for Cognitive Science. Conference on Cognitive Science and Cybernetics. Vienna, Austria, 13-15 November, 2003.

InvitedPlenary Speaker Creativity and Education. Taipei, Taiwan 20 - 22 May 2005.

InvitedPlenary Speaker Jean Piaget Society meetings. Vancouver, 2 June 2005.

Editor New Ideas in Psychology Elsevier Publishers, as of January 1, 2005.

InvitedPlenary Speaker American Association for Artificial Intelligence Fall Symposium: From Reactive to Anticipatory Cognitive Embodied Systems, 3-6 November 2005, Arlington, Virginia.

Invitedopening talk. Representation and Motivation: Two Aspects of One Underlying Interactive System. Neural Information Processing Systems (NIPS) workshop on Grounding Perception, Knowledge, and Cognition in Sensori-Motor Experience. 8 December 2006, Whistler, Canada.

Invitedopening talk. Interactive Cognition. Workshop on Embodying Cognition: Towards an Integrative Approach. 14-16 December 2006, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.

Invitedplenary speaker. Issues in Process Metaphysics. Symposium on Philosophical Issues in Self-Organization. 20 Sep 07 Center for the Ecological Study of Perception and Action, September 20-21, 2007, University of Connecticut.

Invitedplenary speaker. The Emergence of the Social Level of Reality. 28 Sep 07 Conference on Levels of Reality. Mitteleuropa Foundation. (27-29 Sep 07). Bolzano, Italy.

Keynotetalk.  Society and Creative Rationality.  Celebration of 40th anniversary.  December 5, 2008  University of Guanajuato, Mexico.

 

Special issue of Synthese on the Interactivist Model:

     Bickhard,M. H.  (2009).  Interactivism: introduction to the special issue.  Synthese 166(3), 449-451.

     Bickhard,M. H.  (2009).  The interactivist model.  Synthese 166(3), 547-591.

Special issue of Axiomathes on the Interactivist Model:

     Bickhard, M. H.  (2011).  Does Process Matter? An Introduction to the Special Issue on Interactivism.  Axiomathes, 21:12.

     Bickhard, M. H.  (2011).  Some Consequences (and Enablings) of Process Metaphysics.  Axiomathes, 21:332.

     Campbell, R. J., Bickhard, M. H.  (2011).  Physicalism, Emergence and Downward Causation.  Axiomathes, 21: 33-56.  


Fellow of the American Psychological Association, Division 24, Theoretical and Philosophical Psychology, August, 2014.

Fellow of the American Psychological Association, Division 7, Developmental Psychology, August, 2015.

 

PUBLICATIONSAND OTHER CONTRIBUTIONS:

Books

Bickhard, M. H. (1980). Cognition, Convention, and Communication. New York: Praeger Publishers.

Bickhard,M. H., Richie, D. M. (1983). On the Nature of Representation: A Case Study of James Gibson's Theory of Perception. New York: Praeger Publishers.

Campbell,R. L., Bickhard, M. H. (1986). Knowing Levels and Developmental Stages. Contributions to Human Development. Basel, Switzerland: Karger.

Bickhard,M. H., Terveen, L. (1995). Foundational Issues in Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Science: Impasse and Solution. Elsevier Scientific.

Martin, J., Bickhard, M. H.  (2013).  The Psychology of Personhood:  Philosophical, Historical, Social-Developmental, and Narrative Perspectives.  Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Monographs

Bickhard, M. H. (1980). A Model of Developmental and Psychological Processes. Genetic Psychology Monographs, 102, 61-116.

Bickhard,M. H. (2003). An Integration of Motivation and Cognition. In Smith, L., Rogers, C., Tomlinson, P. (Eds.) Development and motivation: joint perspectives. Leicester: British Psychological Society, Monograph Series II, 41-56.

Chapters

Bickhard, M. H. (1980). On Models of Knowledge and Communication. In Maya Hickmann (Ed.) Proceedingsof a Working Conference on the Social Foundations of Language and Thought. Center for Psychosocial Studies, Chicago.

Bickhard,M. H. (1987). The Social Nature of the Functional Nature of Language. In Maya Hickmann (Ed.) Social and Functional Approaches to Language and Thought. Academic.

Bickhard,M. H. (1989). The Nature of Psychopathology. In Lynn Simek-Downing (Ed.) International Psychotherapy: Theories, Research, and Cross-Cultural Implications. Westport, CT: Praeger Press.

Bickhard,M. H. (1991). Cognitive Representation in the Brain. Invited chapter in Encyclopediaof Human Biology. Vol. 2. Academic Press, 547-558.

Bickhard,M. H. (1991). The Import of Fodor's Anti-Constructivist Argument. In Les Steffe (Ed.) Epistemological Foundations of Mathematical Experience. New York: Springer-Verlag, 14-25.

Bickhard,M. H. (1991). A Pre-Logical Model of Rationality. In Les Steffe (Ed.) EpistemologicalFoundations of Mathematical Experience. NewYork: Springer-Verlag, 68-77.

Bickhard,M. H. (1992). How Does the Environment Affect the Person? Invited chapter in L. T. Winegar, J. Valsiner (Eds.) Children's Development within Social Contexts: Metatheory and Theory. Erlbaum, 63-92.

Bickhard,M. H. (1992). Scaffolding and Self Scaffolding: Central Aspects of Development. Invited chapter in L. T. Winegar, J. Valsiner (Eds.) Children's Development within Social Contexts: Research and Methodology. Erlbaum, 33-52.

Campbell,R. L., Bickhard, M. H. (1992). A Deconstruction of Fodor's Anticonstructivism. In L. Smith (Ed.) Jean Piaget: Critical Assessments. Routledge, chapter 72, 134-148. (Reprint of 1987)

Bickhard,M. H. (1992). Piaget on Variation and Selection Models: Structuralism, logical necessity, and interactivism. In L. Smith (Ed.) Jean Piaget: Critical Assessments. Routledge, chapter 83, 388-434. (Reprint of 1988)

Bickhard,M. H. (1995). World Mirroring versus World Making: There's Gotta be a Better Way. In L. Steffe, J. Gale (Eds.) Constructivism in Education. (229-267). Erlbaum.

Bickhard,M. H. (1995). Is Cognition an Autonomous Subsystem? In Sean O Nuallain, Paul McKevitt (Eds.) AISB-95 Workshop on Reaching for Mind: Foundations of Cognitive Science, Sheffield, England, 3-7 April, 1995. The Tenth Biennial Conference on AI and Cognitive Science organised by the Society for the Study of Artificial Intelligence and Simulation of Behaviour and the Department of Computer Science at the University of Sheffield.

Bickhard,M. H. (1996). Troubles with Computationalism. In W. O'Donohue, R. F. Kitchener (Eds.) The Philosophy of Psychology. (173-183). London: Sage.

Bickhard,M. H. (1996). The Emergence of Representation in Autonomous Embodied Agents. Papers from the 1996 AAAI Fall Symposium on Embodied Cognition and Action. Chair: Maja Mataric. Nov 9-11, MIT, Cambridge, MA. Technical Report FS-96-02. Menlo Park, CA.: AAAI Press.

Bickhard,M. H. (1997). Is Cognition an Autonomous Subsystem? In S. O'Nuallain, P. McKevitt, E. MacAogain (Eds.). Two Sciences of Mind. (115-131). John Benjamins.

Bickhard,M. H. (1997). Cognitive Representation in the Brain. In Dulbecco (Ed.) Encyclopediaof Human Biology. 2nd Ed. (865-876). Academic Press.

Bickhard,M. H. (1998). Constructivisms and Relativisms: A Shopper's Guide. In M. R. Matthews (Ed.) Constructivism in Science Education: A Philosophical Debate. (99-112). Kluwer Academic.

Bickhard,M. H. (1998). Whither Representation? In M. A. Gernsbacher, S. J. Derry (Eds.) Proceedings of the Twentieth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, University of Wisconsin-Madison, August 1 - 4, 1998, 150-155. Erlbaum.

Bickhard,M. H. (1998). A Process Model of the Emergence of Representation. In G. L. Farre, T. Oksala (Eds.) Emergence, Complexity, Hierarchy, Organization, Selected and Edited Papers from the ECHO III Conference. Acta Polytechnica Scandinavica, Mathematics, Computing and Management in Engineering Series No. 91, Espoo, Finland, August 3 - 7, 1998, 263-270.

Bickhard,M. H. (1998). Robots and Representations. In R. Pfeifer, B. Blumberg, J.-A. Meyer, S. W. Wilson (Eds.) From Animals to Animats 5. (58-63). Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Simulation of Adaptive Behavior. Zurich, Switzerland, August 17 - 21, 1998. MIT.

Bickhard,M. H. (1998). Genuine Representation in Artificial Systems. In G. Antoniou, J. Slaney (Eds.) Advanced Topics in Artificial Intelligence. (27-38). Springer.

Bickhard,M. H. (1999). Representation In Natural and Artificial Agents. E. Taborsky (Ed.) Semiosis. Evolution. Energy: Towards a Reconceptualization of the Sign. (15-25). Aachen: Shaker Verlag.

Bickhard,M. H. (1999). The Dynamics of Representation. In B. Hayes, C.A. Hooker, R. Heath, A. Heathcote (Eds.) Proceedings of the Fourth Australian Cognitive Science Conference. Newcastle: University of Newcastle, Australia. ISBN 0 7259 1059 3 http://psychology.newcastle.edu.au/~heath/cogsci97/

Bickhard,M. H. (1999). How to Fill Empty Symbols. In B. Hayes, C.A. Hooker, R. Heath, A. Heathcote (Eds.) Proceedings of the Fourth Australian Cognitive Science Conference. Newcastle: University of Newcastle, Australia. ISBN 0 7259 1059 3 http://psychology.newcastle.edu.au/~heath/cogsci97/

Bickhard,M. H. (2000). Dynamic Representing and Representational Dynamics. In E. Dietrich, A. Markman (Eds.) Cognitive Dynamics: Conceptual and Representational Change in Humans and Machines. (31-50). Erlbaum.

Bickhard,M. H. (2000). Emergence. In P. B. Andersen, C. Emmeche, N. O. Finnemann, P. V. Christiansen (Eds.) Downward Causation. (322-348). Aarhus, Denmark: University of Aarhus Press.

Bickhard,M. H. (2000). Motivation and Emotion: An Interactive Process Model. In R. D. Ellis, N. Newton (Eds.) The Caldron of Consciousness. (161-178). J. Benjamins.

Bickhard,M. H. (2001). The Emergence of Contentful Experience. In T. Kitamura (Ed.) What Should be Computed to Understand and Model Brain Function? (217-237). Singapore: World Scientific.

Bickhard,M. H. (2001). Function, Anticipation, Representation. In D. M. Dubois (Ed.) Computing Anticipatory Systems. CASYS 2000 - Fourth International Conference. (459-469). Melville, NY: American Institute of Physics.

Bickhard,M. H. (2003). The Biological Emergence of Representation. In T. Brown, L. Smith (Ed.) Emergence and Reduction: Proceedings of the 29th Annual Symposium of the Jean Piaget Society. (105-131). Erlbaum.

Bickhard,M. H. (2003). Mind as Process. In F. G. Riffert, M. Weber (Eds.) Searchingfor New Contrasts. (285-294). Vienna: Peter Lang.

Bickhard,M. H. (2003). Process and Emergence: Normative Function and Representation. In: J. Seibt (Ed.) Process Theories: Crossdisciplinary Studies in Dynamic Categories. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic.

Bickhard,M. H. (2004). The Social Ontology of Persons. In J. I. M. Carpendale, U. Mueller (Eds.) Social Interaction and the Development of Knowledge. (111-132). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.

Bickhard,M. H. (2006). Developmental Normativity and Normative Development. In L. Smith, J. Voneche (Eds.) Norms in Human Development. (57-76). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Bickhard,M. H. (2007). Learning is Scaffolded Construction. In D. W. Kritt, L. T. Winegar (Eds.) Education and Technology. (73-88). New York: Rowman & Littlefield.

Bickhard,M. H. (2008). Are You Social? The Ontological and Developmental Emergence of the Person. In U. Mueller, J. I. M. Carpendale, N. Budwig, B. Sokol (Eds.) Social Life and Social Knowledge. (17-42). New York: Taylor & Francis.

Bickhard,M. H. (2008). Is Embodiment Necessary? In P. Calvo, T. Gomila (Eds.) Handbookof Cognitive Science: An Embodied Approach. (29-40). Amsterdam: Elsevier.

Bickhard, M. H.  (2009).  Interactivism.  In J. Symons, P. Calvo (Eds.)  The Routledge Companion to Philosophy of Psychology. (346-359). London: Routledge.

Bickhard, M. H.  (2010).  Is Normativity Natural?  In M. Milkowski, K. Talmont-Kaminski  (Eds.)  Beyond Description: Normativity in Naturalised Philosophy.  (14-30).  London: College Publications.        

Bickhard, M. H.  (2010).  Interactive Knowing: The Metaphysics of Intentionality.  In R. Poli, J. Seibt  (Eds.)  Theory and Applications of Ontology.  Philosophical Perspectives. (207-229).  Springer.

Bickhard, M. H.  (2011).  Systems and Process Metaphysics.  In C. Hooker  (Ed.) Handbook of Philosophy of Science. Philosophy of Complex Systems, Vol. 10.  (91-104).  Amsterdam: Elsevier.

Bickhard, M. H.  (2011).  Myths of Science: Misconceptions of Science in Contemporary Psychology.  In H. J. Stam (Ed.)  Theoretical Psychology Contemporary Readings. Vol. II  (57-71).  London: Sage.         ISBN: 978-1-84920-773-7        reprint of Bickhard, M. H.  (1992).  Myths of Science: Misconceptions of science in contemporary psychology. Theoryand Psychology, 2(3),321-337.

Martin, J., Bickhard, M. H.  (2013).  An Introduction to the Psychology of Personhood.  In Martin, J., Bickhard, M. H.  (Eds).  The Psychology of Personhood:  Philosophical, Historical, Social-Developmental, and Narrative Perspectives.  (1-18).  Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Bickhard, M. H.  (2013).  The Emergent Ontology of Persons.  In Martin, J., Bickhard, M. H.  (Eds).  ThePsychology of Personhood:  Philosophical, Historical, Social-Developmental, and Narrative Perspectives. (165-180).  Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Bickhard, M. H. (2014). Robot Sociality: Genuine or Simulation? In J. Seibt, R. Hakli, M. Norskov (Eds.) Sociable Robotics and the Future of Social Relations. Series: Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications. (81-86). Amsterdam: IOS Press.  

Bickhard, M. H. (2014). Model interaktywistyczny. In Marcin Milkowski (Ed.) Kognitywistyka. Reprezentacje (109-165) Warsaw, Poland: Przeglad Filozoficzno-literacki. Translation of Bickhard, M. H. (2009). The interactivist model. Synthese 166(3), 547-591.  

Articles

Bickhard, M. H., Ford, B. L. (1976). Adler's Concept of Social Interest: A critical explication. Journal of Individual Psychology, 32, No. 2, 27-49.

Moore,N., Bickhard, M. H., Cooper, R. G. (1977). The Child's Development of the Concept of Family. Resources in Education and ERIC Document Reproduction Services.

Bickhard,M. H. (1978). A Reply to "Social Interest: A Reply to Bickhard and Ford." Journal of Individual Psychology, 34, No. 1, 27-35.

Bickhard,M. H. (1978). The Nature of Developmental Stages. Human Development, 21, 217-233.

Bickhard,M. H., Ford, B. L. (1979). Subjective Adaptationalism: An Adlerian metapsychology. Journal of Individual Psychology, 35, No. 2, 162-186.

Bickhard,M. H. (1979). On Necessary and Specific Capabilities in Evolution and Development. Human Development, 22, 217-224.

Bickhard,M. H. (1980). Functionalism in Adlerian Psychology. Journal of Individual Psychology, 36, No. 1, 66-74.

Bickhard,M. H. (1980). Outline of a Theory of Psychological Processes. Unpublished manuscript edited and included in Piaget's Genetic Epistemology 1965-1980. R. Vuyk, New York: Academic Press.

Bickhard,M. H. (1980). Approaches to the Study of Mind. Cognition and Brain Theory, 3, No. 4, 146-152.

Bickhard,M. H. (1982). Automata Theory, Artificial Intelligence, and Genetic Epistemology. Revue Internationale de Philosophie, 36, No. 142-143, 549-566, Invited paper for a special issue on Jean Piaget.

Bickhard,M. H., Cooper, R. G., Mace, P. E. (1985). Vestiges of Logical Positivism: Critiques of Stage Explanations. Human Development, 28, 240-258.

Campbell,R. L., Bickhard, M. H. (1987). A Deconstruction of Fodor's Anticonstructivism. Human Development, 30, 48-59.

Richie,D. M., Bickhard, M. H. (1988). The Ability to Perceive Duration: Its Relation to the Development of the Logical Concept of Time. Developmental Psychology, 24, 318-323.

Bickhard,M. H. (1988). Piaget on Variation and Selection Models: Structuralism, logical necessity, and interactivism. Human Development, 31, 274-312.

Bickhard,M. H. (1988). The Necessity of Possibility and Necessity. Review of Piaget's Possibility and Necessity Harvard Educational Review, 58, No. 4, 502-507.

Bickhard,M. H., Campbell, R. L. (1989). Interactivism and Genetic Epistemology. Archivesde Psychologie, 57(221), 99-121.

Bickhard,M. H. (1989). Ethical Psychotherapy and Psychotherapy as Ethics. New Ideas in Psychology, 7(2), 159-164.

Wedemeyer,N. V., Bickhard, M. H., Cooper, R. G. (1989). The Development of Structural Complexity in the Child's Concept of Family: The Effect of Cognitive Stage, Sex, and Intactness of Family. Journal of Genetic Psychology, 150(4), 341-357.

Bickhard,M. H. (1991). How to Build a Machine with Emergent Representational Content. CogSci News, 4(1), 1-8.

Bickhard,M. H. (1991). Homuncular Innatism is Incoherent: A reply to Jackendoff. The Genetic Epistemologist, 19(3), 5.

Campbell,R. L. Bickhard, M. H. (1991). If Human Cognition is Adaptive, Can Human Knowledge Consist of Encodings? Commentary on "Is Human Cognition Adaptive?" by John R. Anderson Behavioral and Brain Sciences, (14), pp. 488-489.

Christopher,J. C., Bickhard, M. H. (1992). Remodeling the As If in Adler's Concept of the Life Style. Journal of Individual Psychology, 76-85.

Bickhard,M. H., Campbell, R. L. (1992). Some Foundational Questions Concerning Language Studies: With a Focus on Categorial Grammars and Model Theoretic Possible Worlds Semantics. Journal of Pragmatics, 17(5/6), 401-433. Target article for commentary in a special double issue.

Campbell,R. L., Bickhard, M. H. (1992). Clearing the Ground: Foundational Questions Once Again. Journal of Pragmatics, 17(5/6), 557-602.

Bickhard,M. H. (1992). The Strange Case of Bi-Photo-ism: Paul Churchland as the 8th Annual Selfridge Lecturer in Philosophy. CogSci News, 5(1), 5-6.

Bickhard,M. H. (1992). Commentary on the Age 4 Transition. Human Development, 35(3)182-192.

Bickhard,M. H. (1992). Myths of Science: Misconceptions of science in contemporary psychology. Theory and Psychology, 2(3), 321-337.

Campbell,R. L., Bickhard, M. H. (1992). Types of Constraints on Development: An Interactivist Approach. Developmental Review, 12(3), 311-338.

Christopher,J. C., Bickhard, M. H., Lambeth, G. S. (1992). Splitting Kernberg: A Critique of Otto Kernberg's Notion of Splitting. Psychotherapy, 29(3), 481-485.

Campbell,R. L., Bickhard, M. H. (1993). Knowing Levels and the Child's Understanding of Mind. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 16(1), 33-34.

Bickhard,M. H. (1993). Foundations of Language Studies. In Crochetire, A., Boulanger, J., Ouellon, C. (Eds.) Proceedings of the XVth International Congress of Linguists. Vol. I. (237-242). Qubec: Les Presses de L'Univerist Laval.

Bickhard,M. H. (1993). Representational Content in Humans and Machines. Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Artificial Intelligence, 5, 285-333.

Bickhard,M. H. (1993). On Why Constructivism Does Not Yield Relativism. Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Artificial Intelligence, 5, 275-284.

Bickhard,M. H. (1993). Staircase? How Can We Tell? Review of The Mind's Staircase by Robbie Case. American Journal of Psychology, 106(4), 577-633.

Bickhard,M. H., Christopher, J. C. (1994). The Influence of Early Experience on Personality Development. New Ideas in Psychology, 12(3), 229-252.

Bickhard,M. H. (1994). Rocks, Frogs, and the Cartesian Gulf: Toward a Naturalism of Persons. New Ideas in Psychology, 12(3), 267-276.

Christopher,J. C., Bickhard, M. H. (1994). The persistence of basic mistakes: Re-exploring psychopathology in Individual Psychology. Journal of Individual Psychology, 50, 223-231.

Bickhard,M. H. (1995). Transcending False Dichotomies in Developmental Psychology -- Review of Beyond Modularity. by A. Karmiloff-Smith. Theory and Psychology, 5(1), 161-165.

Bickhard,M. H. (1995). Intrinsic Constraints on Language: Grammar and Hermeneutics. Journal of Pragmatics, 23, 541-554.

Bickhard,M. H. (1995). Review of Understanding Origins. Philosophical Psychology, 8(1), 112-116.

Bickhard,M. H. (1995). Who Interprets the Isomorphisms? New Ideas in Psychology, 13(2), 135-137.

Bickhard,M. H. (1996). Sobre los principios de la etica en Counseling y Psicoterapia. Revista Argentia de Clinica Psicologica, V(1), 37-49.

Bickhard,M. H., Campbell, R. L. (1996). Developmental Aspects of Expertise: Rationality and Generalization. Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Artificial Intelligence, 8(3/4), 399-417.

Bickhard,M. H., Campbell, R. L. (1996). Topologies of Learning and Development. NewIdeas in Psychology, 14(2), 111-156.

Bickhard,M. H. (1997). Constructivisms and Relativisms: A Shopper's Guide. ScienceEducation, 6, 29-42.

Bickhard,M. H. (1997). Review of The Search for Mind. Minds and Machines, 7, 125-128.

Bickhard,M. H. (1997). Emergence of Representation in Autonomous Agents. Cyberneticsand Systems: Special Issue on Epistemological Aspects of Embodied Artificial Intelligence, 28(6), 489-498.

Bickhard,M. H. (1997). Piaget and Active Cognition. Human Development., 40, 238-244.

Bickhard,M. H. (1998). Levels of Representationality. Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Artificial Intelligence, 10(2), 179-215.

Bickhard,M. H. (1998). Constraints on the Architecture of Mind. New Ideas in Psychology, 16(2), 97-105.

Levine,A., Bickhard, M. H. (1999). Concepts: Where Fodor Went Wrong. PhilosophicalPsychology, 12(1), 5-23.

Bickhard,M. H. (1999). Interaction and Representation. Theory & Psychology, 9(4), 435-458.

Bickhard,M. H. (1999). On the Cognition in Cognitive Development. DevelopmentalReview, 19, 369-388.

Bickhard,M. H. (2000). Information and Representation in Autonomous Agents. Journalof Cognitive Systems Research, 1(2). http://www.elsevier.nl.

Bickhard,M. H. (2000). Review of B. Shanon, The Representational and the Presentational. Minds and Machines, 10(2), 313-317.

Bickhard,M. H. (2000). A Historical Approach to Teaching Introductory Cognitive Science. CogSci News, 11(1,2), 2-3.

Bickhard,M. H. (2000). Autonomy, Function, and Representation. Communication and Cognition - Artificial Intelligence. Special issue on: The contribution of artificial life and the sciences of complexity to the understanding of autonomous systems. Guest Editors: Arantza Exteberria, Alvaro Moreno, Jon Umerez. 17(3-4), 111-131.

Bickhard, M. H. (2001). The Tragedy of Operationalism. Theory and Psychology, 11(1), 35-44.

Bickhard,M. H. (2001). Why Children Don't Have to Solve the Frame Problems: Cognitive Representations are not Encodings. Developmental Review, 21, 224-262.

Christopher,J. C., Bickhard, M. H., Lambeth, G. S. (2001). Otto Kernberg's Object Relations Theory: A Metapsychological Critique. Theory and Psychology, 11(5), 687-711.

Bickhard, M. H. (2001). Error Dynamics: The Dynamic Emergence of Error Avoidance and Error Vicariants. Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Artificial Intelligence, 13, 199-209.

Bickhard, M. H. (2002). Critical Principles: On the Negative Side of Rationality. New Ideas in Psychology, 20, 1-34.

Christensen,W. D., Bickhard, M. H. (2002). The Process Dynamics of Normative Function. Monist, 85(1), 3-28.

Campbell,R. L., Christopher, J. C., & Bickhard, M. H. (2002). Self and Values: An Interactivist Foundation for Moral Development. Theory and Psychology, 12(6), 795-823.

Bickhard,M. H., Campbell, D. T. (2003). Variations in Variation and Selection: The Ubiquity of the Variation-and-Selective Retention Ratchet in Emergent Organizational Complexity. Foundations of Science, 8(3), 215-282.

Bickhard,M. H. (2003). Variations in Variation and Selection: The Ubiquity of the Variation-and-Selective Retention Ratchet in Emergent Organizational Complexity, Part II: Quantum Field Theory. Foundations of Science, 8(3), 283-293.

Bickhard,M. H. (2003). Some notes on internal and external relations and representation. Consciousness & Emotion, 4(1), 101-110.

Bickhard,M. H. (2004). Process and Emergence: Normative Function and Representation. Axiomathes - An International Journal in Ontology and Cognitive Systems, 14, 135-169.

Bickhard,M. H. (2004). A Challenge to Constructivism: Internal and External Sources of Constructive Constraint. Human Development, 47, 94-99.

Bickhard,M. H. (2004). Normativity and Mind. Review of Duality of the Mind: A Bottom Up Approach Toward Cognition. by Ron Sun. Contemporary Psychology, 49(2), 156-158.

Bickhard,M. H. (2004). Why Believe in Beliefs? Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 27(1), 100-101.

Stojanov,G., Bickhard, M. H. (2004). Representation: Emulation and Anticipation. Behavioraland Brain Sciences, 27(3), 418.

Bickhard,M. H. (2005). Consciousness and Reflective Consciousness. PhilosophicalPsychology, 18(2), 205-218.

Bickhard,M. H. (2005). Anticipation and Representation. In C. Castelfranchi (Ed.) From Reactive to Anticipatory Cognitive Embodied Systems. (1-7). AAAI Fall Symposium, Technical Report FS-05-05. Menlo Park, CA: AAAI Press.

Bickhard,M. H., Campbell, R. L. (2005). Editorial: New Ideas in Psychology. New Ideas in Psychology, 23(1), 1-4.

Bickhard,M. H. (2005). Functional Scaffolding and Self-Scaffolding. New Ideas in Psychology, 23(3), 166-173.

Bickhard,M. H. (2007). Mechanism Is Not Enough. In Q. Gonzalez, M. Eunice, W. F. G. Haselager, I. E. Dror (Eds.) Mechanicism and Autonomy: What Can Robotics Teach Us About Human Cognition and Action? Special issue of Pragmatics and Cognition, 15(3), 573-585.

Bickhard,M. H. (2008). Issues in Process Metaphysics. Ecological Psychology, 20(3), 252-256.

Bickhard,M. H. (2008). Social Ontology as Convention. Topoi, 27(1-2), 139-149.

Bickhard,M. H. (2009). Interactivism: A Manifesto. New Ideas in Psychology, 27, 859.      DOI 10.1016/j.newideapsych.2008.05.001

Bickhard,M. H. (2009). The Biological Foundations of Cognitive Science. New Ideas in Psychology, 27, 7584.      DOI 10.1016/j.newideapsych.2008.04.001

Bickhard,M. H.  (2009).  Interactivism: introduction to the special issue.  Synthese, 166(3), 449-451.         DOI 10.1007/s11229-008-9371-1

Bickhard,M. H.  (2009).  The interactivist model.  Synthese, 166(3), 547-591.         DOI 10.1007/s11229-008-9375-x

Bickhard,M. H. (2009). Emergence: Process Organization, not Particle Configuration. Cybernetics and Human Knowing, 15(3-4), 57-63.

Bickhard, M. H. (2009). Some Remarks on Process Metaphysics and Representation. Cyberneticsand Human Knowing, 15(3-4), 71-74.

Bickhard, M. H.  (2011).  The Dynamics of Acting.  Humana Mente, 15, 177-187.

Ziemke, T., Bickhard, M. H.  (2011).  Cognitive Robotics: Introduction to the Special Issue.  New Ideas in Psychology, 29(3),201-202.       DOI:10.1016/j.newideapsych.2011.02.002

Bickhard, M. H.  (2011).  Does Process Matter? An Introduction to the Special Issue on Interactivism.  Axiomathes, 21:12.        DOI 10.1007/s10516-010-9124-x

Bickhard, M. H.  (2011).  Some Consequences (and Enablings) of Process Metaphysics.  Axiomathes, 21:332.        DOI 10.1007/s10516-010-9130-z

Campbell, R. J., Bickhard, M. H.  (2011).  Physicalism, Emergence and Downward Causation.  Axiomathes, 21: 33-56.         DOI: 10.1007/s10516-010-9128-6

Bickhard, M. H.  (2011).  On the Concept of Concept.  Journal of Theoretical and Philosophical Psychology, 31(2), 102-105.

Allen, J. W. P., Bickhard, M. H.  (2011).  You Cant Get There From Here: Foundationalism and Development.  Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 34(3), 124-125.

Allen, J.W.P., Bickhard, M. H.  (2011).  Normativity: A Crucial Kind of Emergence.  Human Development, 54, 106-112.         DOI: 10.1159/000327096

Allen, J. W. P., Bickhard, M. H.  (2011).  Emergent Constructivism.  ChildDevelopment Perspectives.  5(3),164-165.         DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-8606.2011.00178.x

Bickhard, M. H.  (2012).  A Process Ontology for Persons and Their Development.  New Ideas in Psychology, 30(1), 107-119.

Martin, J., Bickhard, M. H.  (2012).  An Introduction to the Special Issue on The New Psychology of Personhood.  New Ideas in Psychology, 30(1), 86-88.

Bickhard, M. H.  (2013).  The Creativity of Development and the Development of Creativity.  Papers from the AAAI Spring Symposium Technical Report SS-13-02: Cognitive Development: A Perspective from Artificial Creativity, Developmental AI, and Robotics.  Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence.  Palo Alto, California: AAAI Press.

Allen, J. W. P., Bickhard, M. H.  (2013).  Stepping Off The Pendulum: Why Only an Action-Based Approach Can Transcend the Nativist-Empiricist Debate.  Cognitive Development, 28, 96-133.

Allen, J. W. P., Bickhard, M. H.  (2013).  The Pendulum Still Swings.  Cognitive Development, 28, 164-174.

Allen, J. W. P., Bickhard, M. H. (2013). Beyond Principles and Programs: An Action Framework for Modeling Development. Human Development, 56, 171-177.

Bickhard, M. H. (2013). Action, Anticipation, and Construction: The Cognitive Core. Constructivist Foundations, 9(1), http://www.univie.ac.at/constructivism/journal/9/1

Bickhard, M. H. (2014). What Could Cognition Be, If not Computation or Connectionism, or Dynamic Systems? Journal of Theoretical and Philosophical Psychology, 35(1), 53-66. DOI - 10.1037/a0038059

Bickhard, M. H. (2015). The Metaphysics of Emergence. Kairos, 12, 7-25.

Bickhard, M. H. (2015). The Social-Interactive Ontology of Language. Ecological Psychology, 27(3), 265-277. DOI: 10.1080/10407413.2015.1068656

Bickhard, M. H. (2015). Toward a Model of Functional Brain Processes I: Central Nervous System Functional Micro-architecture. Axiomathes. DOI 10.1007/s10516-015-9275-x

Bickhard, M. H. (2015). Toward a Model of Functional Brain Processes II: Central Nervous System Functional Macro-architecture. Axiomathes. DOI 10.1007/s10516-015-9276-9

 

Posters

Allen, Jedediah WP, Bickhard, M. H.  (2011).  Anticipation as an Alternative Perspective for Understanding Imitation Activity.  15 Jan 11  2011 CEU Budapest Conference on Cognitive Development.

Workshops and Symposia

Personality, Psychopathology, and Psychotherapy: Some new orientations. February 26 & 27, 1983, Invited workshop at the International Conference on Psychotherapy, Bogota, Colombia.

Personality,Psychopathology, and Psychotherapy. August 14, 15, 16, 1985, Invited workshop at the University of the Andes, Bogota, Colombia.

Interactivismand Developmental Psychology. Organizer and Chair of a symposium at the Jean Piaget Society Meetings, May 30, 1986, Philadelphia.

TheAge 4 Transition. Organizer, Chair, and Discussant of a symposium at the Society for Research in Child Development meetings, April 18, 1991, Seattle.

FoundationalQuestions in Linguistics. Focal presentation in a specially organized symposium of the same name with commentary from Petr Sgall, Victor Yngve, Richard Janney, and E. Itkonen and my responses. Organized by Jacob Mey and Richard Janney of the Journal of Pragmatics. International Congress of Linguists, Quebec, Canada, August 11, 1992.

Creativityand Cognition: Questions of Epistemology. Two day workshop on parts of my model. Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada, Lisbon, Portugal, December 15 & 16, 1994.

Interactivism:Dynamics, Function, Representation, Rationality. Invited by Professor Cliff Hooker, Department of Philosophy, University of Newcastle. Newcastle, NSW, Australia. June 19, 1995 - July 12, 1995.

TheEmergence of Representation in Autonomous Embodied Agents. 1996 AAAI Fall Symposium on Embodied Cognition and Action. Chair: Maja Mataric. Nov 9-11, MIT, Cambridge, MA.

TheDynamics of Representation. Workshop on Dynamical Models of Mind, Fourth Australasian Cognitive Science Society Meetings, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia, September 25, 1997.

AnInteractive Model of Language. Symposium on Interaction, Communication, and Meaning: The Pragmatic Dimension of Language, Jean Piaget Society Meetings, Chicago, Illinois, June 13, 1998.

TheDynamical Birth of Representation. BISCA 2000 Bolzano International Schools in Cognitive Analysis. Faculty member. Bolzano, Italy, September 18-22, 2000.

Organized Interactivist Summer Institute 2001. Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, 23-27 July 2001.

Gettingbeyond Genes, Neurons, and Individual Minds. University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, April 18-20, 2003. Organizer: Evelyn Fox Keller.

Organized Interactivist Summer Institute 2003. Copenhagen, Denmark, 22-26 July 2003.

Organized Interactivist Summer Institute 2005. Clemson, South Carolina, 19-23 September, 2005.

PerceptionAction Workshop University of Connecticut 21 April 06

KazimierzNaturalizing Epistemology Workshop Kazimierz, Poland 1-5 September 06

Emergence:A Sampler. Invited AAAI FSS-6 on Interaction and Emergent Phenomena in Societies of Agents Arlington, Virginia 13 October 2006

TheDynamic Nature of Representation. Web conference focusing on this paper for two weeks beginning 27 Noveber 2006. Sponsored by http://www.interdisciplines.org/adaptation

Invitedopening talk. Representation and Motivation: Two Aspects of One Underlying Interactive System. Neural Information Processing Systems (NIPS) workshop on Grounding Perception, Knowledge, and Cognition in Sensori-Motor Experience. 8 December 2006, Whistler, Canada.

Invitedopening talk. Interactive Cognition. Workshop on Embodying Cognition: Towards an Integrative Approach. 14-16 December 2006, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.

Symposiumon Philosophical Issues in Self-Organization. Center for the Ecological Study of Perception and Action, October 20-21, 2007, University of Connecticut.

Societyand Creative Rationality. Keynote talk. Celebration of 40th anniversary. December 5, 2008 University of Guanajuato, Mexico

EUCogII Workshop Challenges for Artificial Cognitive Systems II, 20-22 January 2012, Oxford

40th Oberlin Colloquium in Philosophy, Philosophy of mind, May 4-6, 2012

Papers

Problems in system theoretic empirical research. Presented at the American Sociological Association Meetings, September 1971, Denver, Colorado. Mark H. Bickhard, J. R. Murray.

Simultaneousequation models for organizational behavior. Presented at the Spring Meeting of the Psychometric Society, March 1972, Princeton, New Jersey. Mark H. Bickhard, J. R. Murray.

Thechild's development of the concept of family. Paper presented at the meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development, March 1977, New Orleans. Nancy Moore, Mark H. Bickhard, Robert Cooper.

Socialinterest: A pragmatist interpretation. Annual Conference of the North American Society of Adlerian Psychology, May 1978, Washington, D. C.

Onmodels of knowledge and communication. Invited paper at a conference sponsored by the Center for Psychosocial Studies, September 1978, Chicago.

Knowinglevels and developmental stages: An alternative conception, applied to formal operations. Annual symposium of the Jean Piaget Society, June 2-4, 1983, Philadelphia. Robert L. Campbell, Mark H. Bickhard

Competenceand performance: An inappropriate defense of structural stages. Annual symposium of the Jean Piaget Society, May 31 - June 2, 1984, Philadelphia. Robert L. Campbell, Mark H. Bickhard

Thesocial nature of the functional nature of language. Invited paper in the session on Language, Understanding, and Hermeneutics at the Gordon Research Conference on the Foundations of Cybernetics New Hampton, N.H. August 27 - 31, 1984.

A deconstruction of Fodor's anticonstructivism. Annual symposium of the Jean Piaget Society June 8, 1985, Philadelphia. Robert L.Campbell, Mark H. Bickhard

Interactivismand Genetic Epistemology. Symposium on Interactivism and Developmental Psychology, Jean Piaget Society, May 30, 1986, Philadelphia, Mark H. Bickhard, Robert L. Campbell.

KnowingLevels and the Development of Natural Kind Categories. Symposium on Interactivism and Developmental Psychology, Jean Piaget Society, May 30, 1986, Philadelphia, Robert L. Campbell, Mark H. Bickhard.

Problemsin Assumptions Underlying the Piagetian Model of the Logical Time Concept. Symposium on Interactivism and Developmental Psychology, Jean Piaget Society, May 30, 1986, Philadelphia, D. Michael Richie, Mark H. Bickhard.

TheOrganizational Effects of Repetitive Experience. Symposium on Interactivism and Developmental Psychology, Jean Piaget Society, May 30, 1986, Philadelphia, Robert G. Cooper, Mark H. Bickhard.

KnowingLevels: The Interactive Approach to Stages. Symposium on Post-Piagetian Stage Theory, Society for Research in Child Development, April 23, 1987, Baltimore, Robert L. Campbell, Mark H. Bickhard.

Piaget'sRejection of Variation and Selection Constructivism. Jean Piaget Society, May 29, 1987, Philadelphia.

KnowingLevels and Postformal Stages. Third Beyond Formal Operations Symposium, June 25, 1987, Harvard University. Robert L. Campbell, Mark H. Bickhard

Contributionsto a Model of Developmental Processes and Constraints. Third Beyond Formal Operations Symposium, June 25, 1987, Harvard University.

Rationalityand Necessity. Conference on Epistemological Foundations of Mathematical Experience, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, February 26, 1988.

Typesof Constraints on Development: An Interactivist Approach. Jean Piaget Society Meetings, Philadelphia, June 2, 1988. Robert L. Campbell, Mark H. Bickhard

Reflectionand Rationality. Jean Piaget Society Meetings, Philadelphia, June 3, 1988.

Scaffoldingand Self Scaffolding: Central Aspects of Development. Jean Piaget Society Meetings, Philadelphia, June 1, 1989.

OntologicalPsychology: A Manifesto and Outline of Issues. Jean Piaget Society Meetings, Philadelphia, May 31, 1990.

Topologiesof Learning and Development: An Unsolved Problem. Jean Piaget Society Meetings, Philadelphia, June 2, 1990.

TheArgument Concerning Domain Specific versus Domain General Processes of Development. Jean Piaget Society Meetings, Philadelphia, May 30, 1991.

TheEmergent Constitution of Persons and Relationships. Jean Piaget Society Meetings, Montreal, May 29, 1992.

A Model of Rationality - Implications for Expertise. Third International Conference on Human and Machine Cognition: Expertise in Context. Seaside, Florida, May 15, 1993.

TwoCognitive Aspects of Expertise: Rationality and Generalization. Invited plenary paper. FLAIRS94, Pensacola, Florida, May 7, 1994.

InteractiveRepresentation and Autonomous Agents. Conference on The Role of Dynamics and Representation in Adaptive Behaviour and Cognition. Invited plenary paper. University of the Basque Country, San Sebastian, Spain, December 9, 1994.

Interactionand Representation. Australian Association for the History, Philosophy, and Social Studies of Science. University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia. July 10, 1995.

Howto Fill Empty Symbols. Fourth Australasian Cognitive Science Society Meetings, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia, September 28, 1997.

Representationin Natural and Artificial Agents. Semiosis, Evolution, and Energy. University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada, October 18, 1997.

IntrinsicConstraints on Language. The Ways of Worldmaking: The Reality of Constructivism II, Heidelberg, April 30 - May 3, 1998.

AnInteractive Model of Language. Symposium on Interaction, Communication, and Meaning: The Pragmatic Dimension of Language at the Jean Piaget Society meetings,Chicago, June 11-13, 1998.

GenuineRepresentations in Artificial Systems. Track on Foundations at the 11th Australian Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence AI '98, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia, July 13-17, 1998.

WhitherRepresentation? Cognitive Science Society, Madison, Aug 1-4, 1998.

A Process Model of the Emergence of Representation. Third International Conference on Emergence: Emergence, Complexity, Hierarchy, Organisation III (ECHO III) under the auspices of the International Society for the Study of Emergence, Helsinki, August 3-7, 1998.

Interactionand Representation. From Animals to Animats: The Fifth International Conference of the Society for Adaptive Behavior, University of Zurich, August 17-21, 1998.

TheBiological Emergence of Representation. Emergence and Reduction: The 29th Annual Symposium of the Jean Piaget Society. Invited paper. Mexico City, June 2-5, 1999.

Functionand Representation: The naturalistic emergence of normative phenomena. AustralasianAssociation of Philosophy. Invited paper. Melbourne, Australia, July 4-9, 1999.

TheOntological Emergence of Representation in Autonomous Agents. Invited paper. InternationalSociety for the History, Philosophy, and Social Sciences of Biology. Oaxaca, Mexico, July 7-11, 1999.

TheBiological Foundations of Cognitive Science. Invited paper. Mind 4.The 4th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society of Ireland. Dublin, Ireland, August 16-20, 1999.

TheDynamic Emergence of Representation. Invited paper. Representation in Mind. University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia, June 27-29, 2000.

Function,Anticipation, Representation. Invited paper. CASYS 2000: Fourth International Conference on Computing Anticipatory Systems. Liege, Belgium, August 7-12, 2000.

Cognitionas Emergent from Autonomy. Invited paper. Conference organized on occasion of Bickhard, Hooker, Moreno visit. Conference on The Ontology of Autonomy: Implications and Emergents. Australia National University, Canberra, Australia, February 12, 2002.

AnIntegration of Motivation and Cognition. Invited plenary presentation at the Developmentand Motivation Conference, 16-18 April 2002, Bowness, The Lake Country, England.

Processand Emergence: Normative Function and Representation. Processes - Analysis and Application of Dynamic Categories. An Interdisciplinary Workshop on Non-ReductiveTheories of Processes. June 5 - 8, 2002 Sandbjerg Castle, Snderborg, Denmark Sponsored by the University of Aarhus, Denmark June 7, 2002. Invited plenary talk.

CognitiveRepresentation and Action. Digital Interaction and Constructivism Seminar. The IT University of Copenhagen, Monday 10 June 2002 Conference organized on the occasion of my visit.

TranscendingHume: Fact and Norm in Development. Jean Piaget Society, Chicago, June 7, 2003.

Interactivism:From Parmenides to Persons. Interactivist Summer Institute 2003. Copenhagen, Denmark, 22 July 2003.

TwoNew Principles of Interactivist Architecture: Microgenesis and Themes. InteractivistSummer Institute 2003. Copenhagen, Denmark, 26 July 2003.

Frontiersof Interactivism. Interactivist Summer Institute 2003. Copenhagen, Denmark, 26 July 2003.

DevelopmentalNormativity and Normative Development. Facts, Norms, and Development. 16th Advanced Course, Fondation Archives Jean Piaget, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. 25 September 2003.

TheDynamic Emergence of Representation. Invited Symposium: Dynamical Systems and the Mind. Pacific Division American Philosophical Association Meetings, Pasadena, California. 27 March 2004.

Adquation: Relations of inorganic, organic, and epistemic development. Invited. Jean Piaget Society, Toronto, 3-5 June 2004.

PiagetianTheory in Artificial Intelligence and Robotics Practice. Invited. Jean Piaget Society, Toronto, 3-5 June 2004.

Noteson the Negative Side of Rationality: Critical Principles. Cognitive Science Society meetings, Chicago, 5-7 August 2004.

Learning,Representation, and Novelty. Invited. Performance Metrics for Intelligent Systems Workshop. National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg, Maryland, 26 August 2004.

NegativeKnowledge and Rational Creativity. Invited. Performance Metrics for Intelligent Systems Workshop. National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg, Maryland, 26 August 2004.

SubstanceAporia and Their Dissolutions. Invited. Dynamic Ontology. Trento, Italy, 8-11 September 2004.

Creativityand Rationality: Interrelationships and Implications for Education. Invited Plenary Speaker Creativity and Education. Taipei, Taiwan 20 May 2005.

AreYou Social? The Ontological and Developmental Emergence of the Person. Invited plenary presentation. Jean Piaget Society Meetings, Vancouver, 2 June 2005.

FunctionalScaffolding and Self-scaffolding. Invited. Session on Scaffolding. Jean Piaget Society, Vancouver, 3 June 2005.

FromParmenides to Persons. Interactivist Summer Institute 05, Clemson, South Carolina, 19 September 2005.

JerryFodor and Interactivism. With Susan Schneider. Interactivist Summer Institute 05, Clemson, South Carolina, 20 September 2005.

Frontiersof Interactivism. Interactivist Summer Institute 05, Clemson, South Carolina, 22 September 2005.

TheBrain Doesn't Work That Way. Interactivist Summer Institute 05, Clemson, South Carolina, 22 September 2005.

Anticipationand Representation. Invited plenary presentation. From Reactive to Anticipatory Cognitive Embodied Systems. AAAI 2005 Fall Symposium, Arlington, Virginia, 3 November 2005.

Process,Representation, Consciousness. Eastern Pennsylvania Philosophical Association Susquehanna University Selinsgrove, PA 1 April 06

Towarda Naturalism of Intentionality and Consciousness. Invited Kazimierz Naturalizing Epistemology Workshop Kazimierz, Poland 2 September 06

Emergence:A Sampler. Invited AAAI FSS-6 on Interaction and Emergent Phenomena in Societies of Agents Arlington, Virginia 13 October 2006

TheDynamic Nature of Representation. Web conference focusing on this paper for two weeks beginning 27 Noveber 2006. Sponsored by http://www.interdisciplines.org/adaptation

Invitedopening talk. Representation and Motivation: Two Aspects of One Underlying Interactive System. Neural Information Processing Systems (NIPS) workshop on Grounding Perception, Knowledge, and Cognition in Sensori-Motor Experience. 8 December 2006, Whistler, Canada.

Invitedopening talk. Interactive Cognition. Workshop on Embodying Cognition: Towards an Integrative Approach. 14-16 December 2006, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.

Languageas a Tool System. MIT Media Labs, May 3, 2007.

TheBrain Doesn't Work That Way. MIT Media Labs, May 3, 2007.

FromParmenides to Persons. Interactivist Summer Institute, May 26, 2007, The American University in Paris.

Onthe Perversities of Bad Metaphysics. Interactivist Summer Institute, May 27, 2007, The American University in Paris.

WithRichard Campbell: Physicalism, Emergence, and Downward Causation. InteractivistSummer Institute, May 27, 2007, The American University in Paris.

TheBrain Doesn't Work That Way. Interactivist Summer Institute, May 28, 2007, The American University in Paris.

TheEvolutionary Exploitation of Microgenesis. Interactivist Summer Institute, May 28, 2007, The American University in Paris.

Frontiersof Interactivism. Interactivist Summer Institute, May 29, 2007, The American University in Paris.

NormativeRegularities Without Rules. Session on Norms and Neurons, Jean Piaget Society meetings, May 31, 2007, Amsterdam.

TheBrain Doesn't Work That Way. Session on Theory. Jean Piaget Society meetings, June 1, 2007, Amsterdam.

TheEmergence of Normativity. Workshop on Emergence, Parmenides Foundation, June 6-9, 2007, Wilbad Kreuth, Germany.

TheBrain Doesn't Work That Way. Konrad Lorenz Institute, June 12, 2007, Altenberg, Austria.

TheBrain Doesn't Work That Way. Parmenides Foundation, August 10, 2007, Munich, Germany.

Issuesin Process Metaphysics. Symposium on Philosophical Issues in Self-Organization. Center for the Ecological Study of Perception and Action, October 20-21, 2007, University of Connecticut.

TheEmergence of the Social Level of Reality. September 28, 2007 Conference on Levels of Reality. Mitteleuropa Foundation. (September 27-29, 2007). Bolzano, Italy.

Representation,Cognition, Language. October 5, 2007. Faculty of Humanities, Cognition, Communication, Culture Symposium Series, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.

FromAgency to Social Agency. March 28-29, 2008. Franklin and Marshall, Conference on Human Action and the Natural World, Lancaster, Pennsylvania.

DarwinianExplanations. February 20, 2008. Darwin's Birthday Celebration. Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania.

TheMicrogenetic Dynamics of Cortical Attractor Landscapes. May 22-23, 2008. Workshop on "Dynamics in and of Attractor Landscapes", Parmenides Foundation, Isola d'Elba, Italy.

TheEmergence of Normativity. July 30, 2008. Workshop on Emergence: Nature's Mode of Creativity - The Human Dimension, ISAR (Institute on Religion in an Age of Science), Star Island, New Hampshire.

CorticalDynamics and Cognitive Dynamics. November 13, 2008 Laboratoire Adaptation Perceptivo-Motice et Apprentissagae, University of Toulouse Toulouse France.

Cognitionand Evolutionary Epistemology December 4, 2008 University of Guanajuato, Mexico.

Bickhard,M. H. Is Cognition Necessarily Embodied? Jean Piaget Society, Park City, Utah, June 4, 2009.

Bickhard,M. H. Some Principles of Dynamics and Development. Jean Piaget Society, Park City, Utah, June 4, 2009.

Bickhard,M. H. Parmenides to Persons. Interactivist Summer Institute, Vancouver, June 9, 2009.

Bickhard,M. H. Some Issues in Metaethics. Interactivist Summer Institute, Vancouver, June 10, 2009.

Campbell,R., Christopher, J. C., Bickhard, M. H. Developmental Psychology of the Whole Person: Transcending False Alternatives. Interactivist Summer Institute, Vancouver, June 10, 2009.

Bickhard,M. H, Carpendale, J., Martin, J., Racine, T., Sugarman, J. Panel Discussion: Early Social Development. Interactivist Summer Institute, Vancouver, June 12, 2009.

Bickhard,M. H, Mller, U. Panel Discussion: Executive Function. Interactivist Summer Institute, Vancouver, June 12, 2009.

Bickhard,M. H. The Induction and Control of Central Nervous System Attractor Landscapes: The Emergence of Representational Normativity in the Brain. InteractivistSummer Institute, Vancouver, June 12, 2009.

Bickhard,M. H. Frontiers of Interactivism. Interactivist Summer Institute, Vancouver, June 12, 2009.

Bickhard,M. H. The Metaphysics of Personhood. American Psychological Association Division 24 winter meetings, Miami, Florida, February 27, 2010

Bickhard,M. H. Toward an Ontological Psychology. American Psychological Association Division 24 winter meetings, Miami, Florida, February 27, 2010

Bickhard, M. H. Language as an Interaction System. Penn Linguistics Colloquium 34, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, March 19, 2010

Bickhard, M. H.  (2011).  Rationality is Broader Than Logic.  InternationalSociety for Theoretical Psychology, June 27 July 1, Thessaloniki, Greece.

Bickhard, M. H.  (2011; July 29).  Parmenides to Persons.  InteractivistSummer Institute, July 29 August 1, 2011, Syros, Greece.

Bickhard, M. H.  (2011; July 30).  Interactivism and Central Nervous System Dynamics.  Interactivist Summer Institute, July 29 August 1, 2011, Syros, Greece.

Bickhard, M. H.  (2011; August 1).  Iatrogenics in the Philosophy of Mind.  Interactivist Summer Institute, July 29 August 1, 2011, Syros, Greece.

Bickhard, M. H.  (2011; August 1).  Ethics and Metaethics from an Interactivist Perspective.  Interactivist Summer Institute, July 29 August 1, 2011, Syros, Greece.

Bickhard, M.H.  (2011; 3 Oct).  What could cognition be ... if not computation, or connectionism, or dynamic systems? Philosophy and Theory of Artificial Intelligence. Anatolia College, Thessaloniki, Greece

Bickhard, M. H.  (2012; 28 Feb).  Emergent Mind: The Emergence of Mentality in Interactive Process Ontologies.  Foundations of Enactive Cognitive Science.  Cumberland Lodge, Great Park, Windsor, UK

Bickhard, M. H.  (2012).  The Metaphysics of Emergence.  Conferenceon Emergence and Non-Fundamentalist Metaphysics, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Lisbon, May 16, 2012.

Bickhard, M. H.  (2012). Development and Central Nervous System Dynamics.  JeanPiaget Society, Toronto, May 31, 2012

Bickhard, M. H.  (2012). Representation, Language, and the Brain.  Institut fr Neuroinformatik, Theory of Cognitive Systems, University of Bochum, Bochum, Germany, October 18, 2012.

Bickhard, M. H.  (2012). Cognition and the Brain.  Interacting Minds Group, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark, October 30, 2012.

Bickhard, M. H.  (2012). Representation: An Interactivist Model.  Workshop: Representation:Functionalist, structuralist, and interactivist accounts.  Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark, November 2, 2012.

Bickhard, M. H.  (2013).  An Emergentist Argument Against Contemporary Reductionist Neuropsychology.  The Metaphysics of Free Will: Empowerment, Agency, and Freedom.  UMB (Norwegian University of Life Sciences), s, Norway, April 18, 2013.

Bickhard, M. H.  Towards a model of central nervous system macro-functional processing. Jean Piaget Society. Jun 7, 2013 Chicago.

Bickhard, M. H.  Parmenides to Persons. InteractivistSummer Institute Aug 1, 2013, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL

Bickhard, M. H.  Interactivism and Central Nervous System Dynamics. Interactivist Summer Institute Aug 1, 2013, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL

Bickhard, M. H.  Introducing Interactivism. InteractivistSummer Institute Aug 2, 2013, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL

Bickhard, M. H. The Anticipative Brain: Two Approaches. Interactivist Summer Institute Aug 3, 2013, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL

Bickhard, M. H. Iatrogenics in the Philosophy of Mind. Interactivist Summer Institute Aug 4, 2013, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL

Bickhard, M. H.  (2013).  The Predictive Brain: A Critique.  Philosophy and Theory of Artificial Intelligence.  21 Sep 13  Oxford, UK

Bickhard, M. H.  (2014).  (Inter-)Action as a Framework for Understanding Piaget.  May 29, 2014, Jean Piaget Society, San Francisco, CA

Bickhard, M. H.  (2014).  How do you Operationalize a Person?  Jean Piaget Society, May 30, 2014, San Francisco, CA

Bickhard, M. H.  (2014).  The Social-Interactive Ontology of Language.  Finding Common Ground: Social, Ecological, and Cognitive Perspectives on Language Use, June 12, 2014, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT

Bickhard, M. H.  (2014).  Functional Dynamics of the Central Nervous System.  The Thirteenth Annual Summer Interdisciplinary Conference (ASIC 2014), June 23, 2014, Moab, Utah.

Bickhard, M. H.  (2014).  Robot Sociality: Genuine or Simulated?  Robo-Philosophy, Aarhus University, August 20, 2014, Aarhus, Denmark.

Bickhard, M. H.  (2014).  Dissolving Dichotomies: Naturalism vs Anti-Naturaliasm; Empiricism vs Rationalism  Philosophy Unbound, Lehigh University, 24 Oct 14

Bickhard, M. H.  (2014).  Perceiving and Apperceiving.  AAAI Fall Symposium: Modeling Changing Perspectives: Re-conceptualizing sensory-motor experiences.  Arlington, Virginia, November 14, 2014.

Working Conferences

Invited member at the Working Conference on the Social Foundations of Language and Thought, sponsored by the Center for Psychosocial Studies, September 1978, Chicago.

Invitedmember at the pre-conference study groups on: Psychotherapeutic Practice; The Social Impact of Psychotherapy; Research in Psychotherapy; Training in Psychotherapy at the International Conference on Psychotherapy, February 20, 21, & 22, 1983, Bogota, Colombia.

Invitedpresenter at the Gordon Research Conference on the Foundations of Cybernetics, the session on Language, Understanding, and Hermeneutics. New Hampton, N.H. August 27 - 31, 1984.

Sessionchair at the Gordon Research Conference on Cybernetics and Cognition, the session on Language and Communication, Wolfeboro, N.H. June 9 - 13, 1986.

RepresentationalContent in Humans and Machines. Plenary Paper. The Second International Workshop on Human and Machine Cognition: Android Epistemology. May 9-11, 1991, Pensacola, Florida.

AAAIFall 91 Symposium - Knowledge and Action at Social and Organizational Levels. Asilomar, Pacific Grove, California November 14 - 17, 1991.

WorldMirroring versus World Making: There's Gotta be a Better Way. Plenary paper. Conference on Alternative Epistemologies in Education. Athens, Georgia, Feb 20-23, 1992.

Levelsof Representationality. Plenary paper. Conference on The Science of Cognition. Santa Fe, New Mexico, June 15-18, 1992.

Emergence.Conference on Downward Causation. Chair: Peter Boegh Andersen. Aarhus University, Denmark. 23, 24 May 1997.

Process,Representation, Consciousness. Working conference on Process and Cognition. Verona, Italy, 12-13 September, 2004.

Workshop on The Whole Person. Greenville, South Carolina, 17-18 September, 2005.

Invited speakers symposium, Philosophy and Theory of Artificial Intelligence, Anatolia College, Thessaloniki, Greece, October 5, 2011.

Invited Talks

"A Model of Cognitive Development." Department of Psychology, Yale University, 1974.

"AModel of Psychosocial Processes." Department of Psychology, Yale University, 1975.

"StructuralAnalyses."National Opinion Research Center, University of Chicago, 1975.

"AMathematical Model of Psychological Processes." Department of Psychology, University of Virginia at Charlottesville, 1976.

"Languageas an Action System." Committee on Cognition and Communication, University of Chicago, 1977.

"CommunicationStructures."The Center for Psychosocial Studies, Chicago, May 1977.

"FunctionalModels of Psychological Processes." The Center for Psychosocial Studies, Chicago, September 1977.

"TheConcept of Mind in Psychology." Rollins College, Winterpark, Florida, February 1978.

"Cognition,Convention, and Communication." Rollins College, Winterpark, Florida, February 1978.

"AnAdlerian Metapsychology." California School of Professional Psychology, Los Angeles, March 1978.

Panelmember "The Historical Development of Adler's Theory." Annual Conference of the North American Society of Adlerian Psychology, Las Vegas, May 1979.

"ThinkingAbout Cognition." Human Experimental Group, Psychology Department, The University of Texas at Austin, January 1980.

"AModel of Language and Language Acquisition." Language Acquisition Group, The University of Texas at Austin, September 1981.

"AnIncoherence in the Assumption of Encoding as the Foundation for Epistemology." Annual meeting of the American Society for Cybernetics, Washington, D. C., October 1981.

Panelmember "Language and Self Reference." Annual meeting of the American Society for Cybernetics, Washington, D. C., October 1981.

Panelmember "The Relationship between Theory and Practice." International Conference on Psychotherapy, Bogota, Colombia, February 24, 1983.

Panelmember "Social and Ideological Aspects of the Practice of Psychotherapy." International Conference on Psychotherapy, Bogota, Columbia, February 25, 1983.

"CognitiveRepresentation in the Brain: Cognition." Clinical Neuroscience Conference on Cognitive & Linguistic Neuroscience, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, January 10, 1985.

"CognitiveRepresentation in the Brain: Perception." Clinical Neuroscience Conference on Cognitive & Linguistic Neuroscience, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, February 7, 1985.

"CognitiveRepresentation in the Brain: Language." Clinical Neuroscience Conference on Cognitive & Linguistic Neuroscience, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, March 7, 1985.

"CognitiveRepresentation in the Brain: Psychopathology." Clinical Neuroscience Conference on Cognitive & Linguistic Neuroscience, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, April 11, 1985.

"DevelopmentalPsychology."Invited lecture at the University of the Andes, Bogota, Colombia, August 20, 1985.

"TheNature of Psychopathology." Invited talk for the Psychiatric training group, military hospital, Bogota, Colombia, August 21, 1985.

"Development,Language, and the Mind." Invited lecture at the University of the Andes, Bogota, Colombia, August 22, 1985.

"AnInteractivist Approach to Perception." Invited talk at the User Interface Institute, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Institute, Yorktown Heights, NY, June 5, 1986.

"Interactivismand Developmental Psychology." Invited talk at Project Spectrum, Tufts University, Cambridge, Mass., June 6, 1986.

"Representationin the Mind: a Function, not a Thing." Invited talk for the Center for the Enhancement of Human Performance at the University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, July 22, 1986.

"TheNature of Representation." Invited talk to the Common Sense Reasoning group, University of Texas Department of Computer Science, October 17, 1986.

"TheNature of Psychopathology." Invited talk at Ingleside Hospital, Rosemead, California October 8, 1987.

Conferenceon Exploring Creativity Sponsoredby the Graduate School and the Graduate Student Association of the University of Texas Health Sciences Center at San Antonio, and the Mind Science Foundation of San Antonio: "Creativity: A Humanist's Viewpoint." Amy Freeman Lee; "Creativity: A Cognitive Viewpoint." Mark H. Bickhard; "Creativity: A Physicist's Viewpoint." Steven Weinberg. March 3, 1989

"Scaffoldingand Self-Scaffolding." Developmental Group, Department of Psychology, University of Texas, February 7, 1990

"AnIntroduction to Ontological Psychology." Lehigh University, March 1, 1990.

"AnIntegration of Robotics and Artificial Intelligence." Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering. Lehigh University, October 3, 1990

TheAge 4 Transition; Discussant. A symposium at the meetings of the Society for Research in Child Development. Seattle, Washington, April 18, 1991

ReformulatingDualistic Theories in Developmental Research; Discussant. A symposium at the meetings of the Society for Research in Child Development. Seattle, Washington, April 19, 1991

"ANew Vision for Cognitive Science." Beckman Institute, University of Illinois, Champaign-Urbana, February, 1993.

"Scaffolding,Self-scaffolding,and Education." University of Illinois, Champaign-Urbana, February, 1993.

"Robotsand Representations." Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, Colorado, March 4, 1994.

"Interactionand Representation." Albright College, Reading, Pennsylvania, March 16, 1994.

"Robotsand Representation." Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, NY, October 3, 1994.

"AreWe Emergent from Physics?" Newcastle Philosophy Club, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia, September 23, 1997.

"Foundationsof Cognitive Science." Centre Leo Apostel, Brussels, May 5, 1998.

"MasterClass in Cognitive Science." SUNY Binghamton, Graduate Program in Philosophy and Computers & Cognitive Science, September 18, 1998.

"StepsToward a Process Metaphysics of Persons: Representation." Colloquium. SUNY Binghamton, Graduate Program in Philosophy and Computers & Cognitive Science, September 18, 1998.

"TheEmergence of Function in Far from Equilibrium Systems." Physics Department, Lehigh University, September 24, 1998.

"TheEmergence of Representation in Autonomous Embodied Agents." NEC, Princeton, NJ, December 14, 1998.

"Dynamicsand Representation." Institute for Human and Machine Cognition, University of West Florida, Pensacola, Florida, May 19, 2000.

"TheDynamic Emergence of Representation." Australian National University, Canberra, Australia, June 22, 2000.

"Motivationand Cognition." Australian National University, Canberra, Australia, June 23, 2000.

"AnInteractive Model of Representation." Cognitive Science Program, Lund University, Sweden, July 24, 2000.

"Representationin Natural and Artificial Agents." SS. Cyril and Methodius University Cognitive Science Group. Skopje, Republic of Macedonia, September 23, 2000.

"Howto Put the Cognition in Cognitive Science." Inaugural address for new Cognitive Science Program. Montclair State University, Montclair, New Jersey, October 11, 2000.

"TheDynamic Emergence of Representation." Five College Cognitive Science Program University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, November 9, 2000.

"DynamicBiology: Process, Emergence, Normativity." Konrad Lorenz Institute, Altenberg, Austria. 23 June 2003.

"Dynamicsand Representing: An Emergent from the Problem of Interaction Selection." University of Skovde, Skovde, Sweden, 12 August 2003.

"Learning,Development, and Scaffolding." University of Skovde, Skovde, Sweden, 13 August 2003.

"SocialReality and Language." University of Skovde, Skovde, Sweden, 14 August 2003.

"PrimaryConsciousness and Reflective Consciousness." University of Skovde, Skovde, Sweden, 25 August 2003.

"AnIntegration of Motivation and Cognition." Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, Canada, 12 March 2004.

"ACareer in Cognitive Science." Towson University, Towson, Maryland, 16 July 2004.

"Dissolvingthe Problems of Consciousness." Lehigh Philosophy Department, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, 22 February 2005.

"Consciousnessand Reflective Consciousness." Moravian College, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, 23 March 2005.

"TheBrain Doesn't Work That Way: From Microgenesis to Cognition." Franklin and Marshall College, Lancaster, Pennsylvania, 1 April 2005.

"TheBrain Doesn't Work That Way: From Microgenesis to Cognition." Lehigh Cognitive Science talk, Psychology Brown Bag, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, 14 April 2005.

"ExploringInstructional Design from the Negative Side of Rationality: An Interactive Discussion between Cognitive Theorists and Instructional Designers." Roundtable Discussion, Association for Educational Communications and Technology, Orlando, Florida, 20 October 2005.

"TheDynamic Emergence of Representation." University of South Florida, Philosophy Department, Tampa, Florida, 21 October 2005.

"BiologicalFoundations of Cognitive Science" Cognitive Science Club Kutztown University, 9 December 2005

Process,Representation, Consciousness Perception, Action Workshop University of Connecticutt, 21 April 2006

TheEmergence of Representation and Consciousness: Natural and Artificial. The American University of Paris, 26 September 2006

Twohour telephone discussion of my work on emergence with John Symons' Philosophy class, University of Texas at El Paso, 13 November 2006.

Interactivism.October 2, 2007 Class discussion: Philosophy of Mind. Department of Philosophy, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.

IsNormativity Natural? October 3, 2007 Department of Philosophy, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.

TheMicrogenetic Dynamics of Cortical Attractor Landscapes. September 17, 2008 Cognitive Science, Lehigh University

Representation, Cognition, and Language December 9, 2008 Philosophy Club Kutztown University

Psychopathology 4 Feb 11 Franklin & Marshall

Philosophy of Mind 7 Apr 11 University of Pennsylvania

What could cognition be ... if not computation, or connectionism, or dynamic systems? Bogazii University, Istanbul, Philosophy Department, October 7, 2011

From Agency to Social Agency, Interactive Minds Group at the Center for Functionally Integrated Neuroscience, University of Aarhus, Denmark, 16 Dec 11

Psychopathology. Franklin & Marshall February 10, 2012.

The Central Nervous System as a Population of Endogenously Active Systems. Lehigh Department of Psychology February 16, 2012.

The Biological Foundations of Cognitive Science.  University of Reading, UK. 29 Feb 12

Bickhard, M. H.  Introducing Interactivism.  Department of Philosophy, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark, October 26, 2012.

Bickhard, M. H.  Free Will and the Dynamics of Acting.  Philosophy, UMB (Norwegian University of Life Sciences), Oslo, Norway, 6 Nov 12.

Psychopathology. Franklin & Marshall January 13, 2013.

Bickhard, M. H. Panel: Internalization: Does it exist, and if so, what is it? Jean Piaget Society Jun 7, 2013 Chicago.

Psychopathology. Franklin & Marshall February 6, 2014.

Bickhard, M. H. Interactivism, Enactivism, and the Emergence of Sociality: Implications of a Process View. Center for Human Interactivity, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark, August 25, 2014.

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