Intro to WWW Authoring: Browsers
Web Browsers
The following describes some of the various WWW client programs
that are available for different platforms.
- Mosaic. Available for X-Windows (AIX-based workstations)
MS-Windows (MS-DOS-based PCs), and Macintosh computers. This comes
from the National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA), the
same people who wrote Telnet.
- Netscape. Also available for X-Windows, MS-Windows, and
Macintosh. Appears to be the most stable and full-featured of the
graphical browsers. Supports features not found in Mosaic (some of
these are not standard HTML). This comes from Mosaic Corporation.
- Lynx. A text-mode browser (no graphics) available for the
AIX-based systems, including the Network Server. Probably the best
browser for a text-only interface.
- WWW. Another text-mode browser; much more primitive than
Lynx. An excellent example of an absolutely minimal interface.
- Others. There are several other browsers, including:
Cello (for MS-Windows), WinWeb (for MS-Windows), and MacWeb (for
Macintosh computers). All of these are graphical and support a
variety of features.
Some things to keep in mind when you are creating Web documents
(home pages):
- Not every browser supports all possible features. For example,
the "blinking" attribute for text is only supported by Netscape. The
text will show up in other browsers, but it will not blink. Do not
design your home pages to depend on features not everyone will be able
to see.
- When browsers do support features, they do not necessarily
support them in exactly the same way. For instance, HTML allows for
several levels of headings. Usually, the lower-numbered heading
levels cause text to be displayed in a larger font; obviously, however,
a text-mode browser cannot do this. As another example, the
"emphasis" attribute may be shown by one browser as boldfaced text,
while another may use underlining instead.
- Do not count on a particular font. Which font gets used to
display text is under control of the browser, and can usually be set
by the user, as a "preferences" item. This can affect things
like line height and interword spacing, and can completely change the
layout of your text.
- Remember that users of graphical browsers have differently-sized
screens. A user on a workstation may have a screen that is 1024-by-1024
pixels, while a PC or Macintosh user may be limited to a screen that
is 640-by-480. This means that a graphic that nicely fills the width
of a "page" on a workstation may be too wide to see all at once on the
PC. Do not make your inline images too big.
- Also remember that users of graphical browsers can usually change
the size of the window they use for viewing. Since text is formatted
to the size of the current window, this can change the layout.
- Keep in mind that not all users have the ability to display
graphics. When you have inline images, make sure they also have a
textual alternate whenever possible.
You might also want to look at some of the various comparisons
that have been done, such as
Browser Caps, to make sure you know which browsers support
the features you plan to use.
SDR, 11 Jun 1995.