Guide to Resources: InternationalTerrorism

 IR 90: Fall 2003


This guide is designed to provide pointers to collections of resources, to specific publications and to internet sites focused on terrorism and terrorism groups. You can use this guide to gather information for the presentation and final report assignment of this class.  This topic has seen a vast increase in reports and articles since the events of September 11, 2001 thus this guide is necessarily selective and not intended to be inclusive of all the material which exists.

Contents:

History of terrorism/timelines/background data

Library databases for researching news articles,opinion pieces, scholarly articles and books

Research institutes and Think Tanks

Major Web portals

Organization/functioning of terrorist organizations

Threat assessment and preparedness

Appendix A: Factiva Hints

Appendix B: Resources from Past Terrorism Assessment Project


Contact information



History of terrorism/timelines/background data

Patterns in Global Terrorism - This report, produced annually by the U.S. Department of State provides statistics, chronologies, detailed country information, and background information on terrorist  groups. This link provides reports back to 1995. The report is also available back to 1983 in print and microform in the Government Documents collection under Su Doc # S 1.138:year.

RAND- MIPT Terrorism Incidence Databases - A project of the RAND organization and the Oklahoma City National Memorial Institute for the Prevention of Terrorism (MIPT). You can search the RAND Terrorism Chronology Database 1968-1997 or  the RAND-MIPT Terrorism Database 1998- present or review the information available on the MIPT homepage. The MIPT Terrorism Bibliography on this home page is a nice feature.

Congressional Research Service, Terrorism: Near Eastern Groups and State Sponsors, 2001, September 10, 2001.
 This CRS report supplements the State Department , Patterns of Global Terrorism report. Terrorist groups are described in more depth. It also examines Middle Eastern and South Asian state sponsored terrorism.
http://www.fas.org/irp/crs/RL31119.pdf

Terrorism in the United States -  Annual reports from  the FBI that provide statistical data and analysis on U. S. terrorism.. This links to reports  for 1996-1999. Printed reports are available back to 1989 under Su Doc # J 1.14/22: year.  Appendices in recent reports provide descriptions of  designated terrorist organizations  (1987-1999). Also included are chronologies and graphs of terrorist activities.

Terrorist Attack Database. Produced by the International Policy Institute for Counter-Terrorism,  this searchable database indexes selected international terrorist and guerilla attacks for the years 1988 to the present.


Library Databases for Researching News Articles, Opinion Pieces, Scholarly Articles and Books

Academic Index (Infotrac) Expanded Academic ASAP-  Database of articles from magazines and scholarly journals.
    Useful subject headings  (be sure to utilize the "narrow by subdivision" choice)
        Terrorists - Conduct of Life
        Terrorism  (  select "see also related subjects")
        Terrorism - Prevention

ASA - the library's online catalog  Use this catalog to locate books or journals in the library collection.
       Suggestion:  Search under the name of organization, either as a keyword or Browse search. For instance:  "Qaida (organization)" , "Hisbollah"
        Or use a broader subject term eg: Terrorism  or Terrorists
 

CIAO, Columbia International Affairs Online This database provides a centralize collection of policy papers, working papers, case studies and issue briefs on International Relations.
    A special feature, the War on Terrorism " examines U.S. iniatives against terrorism post September 11, 2001. The position of U.S. allies is analyzed, as are potential sources of conflict and possible options for further cooperation. Alongside U.S. Administration positions, European viewpoints are expressed. Military and non-military options are considered, as are the strategies of non-military actors, terrorists, and others. With maps and other outside resources."
This database is also searchable by keyword. Use the Search function located on the left side of the page.

Factiva
While this database has a strong business and industry focus it also indexes a variety of general publications as well as foreign newspapers and news services. Software features the ability to limit searches to newspapers and publications from specific countries or world regions. Instructions for using this feature are listed below in appendix A.

Historical Abstracts
Historical Abstracts indexes scholarly journals covering world history from 1450. (Excludes North American history). Links to full text of some articles are available.

Historical New York Times
A full-image archive that includes the entire historical run of the New York Times from 1851 to the end of 2000. The database delivers every page of every issue from cover to cover, with full-page and article images in downloadable PDF.

Lexis-Nexis Academic
Lexis-Nexis allows you to search the full text of hundreds of magazines and newspapers and get access to the text of these articles. Content is international in scope but date of coverage varies. Up to date newspaper reports, Full text of New York times and other national newspapers.

Marcive WEBdocs - Database of printed and electronic U.S. federal documents and reports. Coverage goes back to 1976. Many of the printed reports will be available in the federal depository collection in Fairchild Martindale Library.

PAIS International : Public Affairs Information Service
PAIS covers global public policy and social issues. Includes periodicals, books, hearings, reports, gray literature, government publications, Internet resources, and other publications published in over 120 countries

Web of Science
Web of Science includes the Science Citation Expanded®, Social Sciences Citation Index®, and Arts & Humanities Citation Index. The databases search "current and retrospective multidisciplinary information from approximately 8,500 of the most prestigious, high impact research journals in the world." Cited reference searching allows users to "navigate forward, backward, and through the literature, searching all disciplines and time spans to uncover all the information relevant to their research."

World Cat
A database of books in libraries around the world. Use this to locate books on your topic which are not in the Lehigh Collection. You can then request the materials through Interlibrary Loan. Do this early in your research since it could take a while for the books to arrive.

World News Connection
A "tool for anyone who needs to monitor non-U.S. media sources. The material in WNC is provided to the National Technical Information Service (NTIS) by the Foreign Broadcast Information Service (FBIS). Analysts from FBIS domestic and overseas bureaus monitor timely and pertinent open-source materials. "  Coverage is mostly current - approximately the last 5 years.


Research Institutes and Think Tanks

Brookings Institute, America's response to Terrorism   http://www.brookings.edu/dybdocroot/terrorism/
The Brookings Institution  provides a large and growing  website containing background resources, full texts of relevant government documents, and archived video, audio, and printed transcripts of Brookings events.

Center for Nonproliferation Studies: Terrorism
http://cns.miis.edu/research/terror.htm

Council on Foreign Relations, Terrorism Questions and Answers
http://www.cfrterrorism.org/home/
Using a question and answer format this website takes on a different topic daily.The answers are " researched, reported, written,
 and updated by the experts and  nonpartisan staff of the Council on Foreign Relations, in consultation with a wide group of  outside experts."

Terrorism: Background and Threat Assessments. Federation of American Scientists, Intelligence Resource Program.  See also FAS's page on Intelligence Threat Assessments. http://www.fas.org/irp/threat/terror.htm

International Policy Institute for Counter Terrorism   http://www.ict.org.il/
"The International Policy Institute for Counter-Terrorism (ICT)  was established in 1996 at the academic Interdisciplinary  Center, Herzliya (IDC) in Israel.   ICT is unique in that it focuses solely on the subject of  counter-terrorism. All of its efforts and resources are dedicated  to approaching the issue of terrorism globally - that is, as a strategic problem that faces not only Israel but other countries as well."

RAND  Terrorism Resources  http://www.rand.org/terrorism_area/
RAND is a nonprofit institution whose mission is to improve policy and  decisionmaking through research and analysis. This page  is a bibliography of RAND work on terrorism.


Major Portals to Web Information on Terrorism:

Terrorism portal from the Naval Postgraduate school library. http://library.nps.navy.mil/home/terrorism.htm

North Harris College Library Terrorism Guide-
http://nhclibrary.nhmccd.edu/govinfo/us/terror.html

Research & Reference Resources:Events of September 11, 2001
http://www.freepint.com/gary/91101.html
This portal contains a great deal of full text federal material as well as links to full text articles, discussion papers, and ready reference sources. The title is misleading as it covers many background aspects on terrorism.
 


Organization/Functioning of Terrorist Organizations - Selected Resources

Al Qaeda Manual - This posting from the Cryptome.org web site has translations of sections of the "Manual of Afghan Jihad" provided by the U.S. Department of Justice as well as additional material from "the Smoking Gun" website

Al Qaeda Training Manual -  Translation posted by the U.S. Dept of Justice. Only selected portions are being made available.

John Arquilla and David Ronfeldt, "Advent of Netwar," part of a 1996 RAND report. An assessment of the changing organization of terrorist groups, especially tactical differences between networked and hierarchical groups.     http://www.rand.org/publications/MR/MR789/

Peter Chalk, Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelams's (LTTE) International Organization and Operations - a Preliminary Analysis, Winter 1999. http://www.fas.org/irp/world/para/docs/com77e.htm

Rex A. Hudson, ed. by Marilyn Majeska, The Sociology and Psychology of Terrorism: Who Becomes a Terrorist and Why? Federal Research Division, Library of Congress, Sept. 1999. A fairly thorough study of the literature. http://www.loc.gov/rr/frd/Sociology-Psychology%20of%20Terrorism.htm

International Policy Institute for Counter-Terrorism. Website has profiles of terrorist organizations, short introductory articles on nuclear, chemical, biological, and cyber-terrorism, a database of terrorist attacks worldwide since 1988 (including suicide attacks), international treaties on counter-terrorism, articles and documents on terrorism sponsored by certain Muslim states, Israeli-counter terrorist policy.
http://www.ict.org.il

Jihad Files. The New York Times has begun a series of articles called the Jihad Files. These were developed from the hundreds of pages of materials and documents recovered from al Qaeda training schools and left behind by fleeing fighters. You can access these articles using this link to Lexis/Nexis. When the search screen is displayed, click on the search button. At the time this guide was created three articles in the series had been published; others will probably be retrieved by this link if they are written by the same journalists.

                           March 17, 2002, Sunday, Late Edition - Final,  Section 1; Page 1; Column 1; Foreign
                           Desk,  4550 words,  A NATION CHALLENGED; Qaeda's Grocery Lists And Manuals of Killing,  By DAVID
                           ROHDE and C. J. CHIVERS

                           March 18, 2002, Monday, Late Edition - Final,  Section A; Page 15; Column 3; Foreign
                           Desk,  834 words,  A NATION CHALLENGED; A Dutiful Recruit's Notebook: Lesson by Lesson Toward
                           Jihad,  By C. J. CHIVERS and DAVID ROHDE

 March 18, 2002, Monday, Late Edition - Final,  Section A; Page 1; Column 2; Foreign Desk,  4307 words,Turning Out Guerrillas and Terrorists to Wage a Holy War,  By C. J.CHIVERS and DAVID ROHDE


Recruiting Tape of Osama Bin Laden: excerpts and analysis. CIAO's (Columbia International Affairs Online) scholarly advisors have provided translation and commentary on an Al Qaeda recruitment video. The translation and essays are provided by experts in the history and politics of the Middle East. Follow this link to view the tape and read the commentaries.  http://www.ciaonet.org/cbr/cbr00/

Worldwide Threat- Converging Dangers in a Post 9/11 World. Testimony of Director of Central Intelligence, George J. Tenet, before the Senate Armed Services Committee, 19 March 2002.  http://www.senate.gov/~armed_services/statemnt/2002/March/Tenet.pdf
 


Threat Assessment and Preparedness

Special Issue. Terrorism: Threat Assessment, Counter Measures and Policy. U.S. Foreign Policy Agenda, An Electronic Journal of the U.S. Department of State, Vol. 6, No. 3, November 2001.

National Security Archives. September 11th sourcebooks. Vo1. 1: Terrorism and U.S. Policy.
This site provides "documents, some of which were obtained under the Freedom of  Information Act,  (that)  include assessments of the terrorist threat and a CIA profile of  Usama bin Ladin, presidential and Defense Department policy directives, the details about U.S. response to specific terrorist attacks, and evaluations of U.S. government preparedness to deal with terrorism."

Terrorism: Background and Threat Assessments. Federation of American Scientists, Intelligence Resource Program.  See also FAS's page on Intelligence Threat Assessments. http://www.fas.org/irp/threat/terror.htm
 
 


Appendix A - Factiva Hints

Narrowing your search in Factiva to publications from specific regions or countries:

Begin at  the Search Full-Text/Indexing screen.

Scroll down to the "Source Browser" link next to the "Your Current Source List" window. Click on it.
 

Click on the "Publications" tab at top of the new Source Browser window.

Now  Click on  "Region" link.  A list of world regions will appear. Click on  the plus sign to move deeper into the lists. This allows you to find specific countries if you wish.   If you open the plus sign next to a country you will get a list of the specific publications from that country that Factiva includes.

Highlight either the world region or country or even specific publication you wish to narrow your search to. It will turn green.

Now click on the Add Selected Sources Button and your choices will appear in the lower "Sources to Include" box.

Click on " Add to Search" . You will be asked if you would like to save changes to current list. Say OKAY. The publications will be pasted into the Search form with "Your Current Source List" selected. To make sure your sources have been pasted into this search, click on the plus sign above the words "Source Browser."

You can later remove these publication choices from the Current Source list by clicking on Source Browser again. Highlight the titles or regions you wish to remove and click on the Remove Sources or Clear All button.

NOTE: This same process can also be followed to limit your search to a particular TYPE of publication  or publications in a specific language or dealing with a particular industry.

Limiting your search in Factiva to a Specific Publication:

Begin at  the Search Full-Text/Indexing screen.

Scroll down to the "Source Browser" link next to the "Your Current Source List" window. Click on it.
 

Click on the " Find a Source" tab at top of the new Source Browser window.

Type the publication title into the search window. Uncheck all boxes except  "Publications". Click on " Search."

If Factiva includes your publication it will appear in the upper box.

Highlight your title and then click on "Add Selected Sources." Your choices will appear in the lower "Sources to Include" box.

Click on " Add to Search" . You will be asked if you would like to save changes to current list. Say OKAY. The publications will be pasted into the Search form with "Your Current Source List" selected. To make sure your sources have been pasted into this search, click on the plus sign above the words "Source Browser."


Appendix B: Resources for past Terrorism Assessment Project


Causes/ Islamic and Arab Politics

Background information on Terrorist Groups from appendix B of Patterns of Global Terrorism.

 Bernard Lewis,"License to Kill"  Foreign Affairs, (November/December 1998)
 Abstract: "On February 23, 1998, Al-Quds al-Arabi, an Arabic newspaper published in London, printed the full text of a Declaration of the World Islamic Front for Jihad against the Jews and the Crusaders. According to the paper, the statement was faxed to them under the signatures of Usama bin Ladin, the Saudi financier blamed by the US for masterminding the August bombings of its embassies in East Africa, and the leaders of militant Islamist groups in Egypt, Pakistan, and Bangladesh. The declaration begins with an exordium quoting the more militant passages in the Quran and the sayings of the Prophet Mohammed. The statement goes on to criticize US involvement in three key areas, Arabia, Iraq, and Jerusalem, and to call for violent resistance on the part of Muslims. To most Americans, the declaration is a gross distortion of the nature and purpose of the American presence in Arabia. They should also know that for many Muslims, the declaration is an equally grotesque travesty of the nature of Islam and even of its doctrine of jihad."

Bernard Lewis, "What went wrong,"  Atlantic Monthly, January 2002
Abstract: "By all standards of the modern world--economic development, literacy, scientific achievement--Muslim civilization, once a mighty enterprise, hasfallen low. Many in the Middle East blame a variety of outside forces, but underlying much of the Muslim world's travail may be a simple lack of freedom."

Arabic media internet network. Surveys Arab media, including Al-Jazeera. Texts in English and Arabic.



Weapons of  terror : Chemical, Nuclear, Biological, Conventional Weapons of Mass Destruction

Biological and Chemical terrorism specific sources:

Anthrax as a Biological Weapon: Medical and Public Health Management. JAMA ( Journal of the American Medical Association), May 12,1999, 281(18):1735-1745.

Ataxia: The Chemical and Biological Terrorism Threat and the U.S. Response. Amy L. Smithson  Stimson Center Report No. 35

Center for Disease Control web pages on Public Health Emergency Preparedness and Response. See the sections on Biological and Chemical Agents.  http://www.bt.cdc.gov

Chemical and Biological Terrorism. Henry L. Stimpson Center. This research center project focuses on the issues of chemical and biological proliferation and use in terrorist attacks. Web site makes available research reports, materials on  preparedness, a FAQ on the likelihood of terrorist acquisition and use of these materials and provides testimony of researchers at congressional hearings.

Chemistry of GB (Sarin)    Provides technical and scientific informatio on the ,toxicity,effects, physical properties,  hydrolysis ,photolysis,thermolysis and decontamination of this substance with references to the scientific literature..  http://www.mitretek.org/mission/envene/chemical/agents/sarin.html

Barbara Hatch Rosenberg, An Analysis of the Anthrax Attacks, Federation of American Scientists. Dr. Rosenberg's commentary on the source of the anthrax attacks and her speculation on the delays in the FBI probe.

 FBI  Still Lacks Identifiable Suspect in Anthrax Probe; Investigators Continue to Focus on People Connected to Labs That Had Strain Found in Letters,  Dan Eggen and Joby Warrick, The Washington Post,  February 26, 2002, Tuesday, Final Edition,  A SECTION; Pg. A07. Click on the hypertext link. A Lexis search box with a predefined search will appear. Click on the search button and a link to the article will be provided.

BBC News: Anthrax Attacks - Transcript of program discussing Dr. Barbara Rosenberg's ( an authority on U.S. bio-defense) allegations that
the FBI is dragging its feet on an arrest and her suggestions that a possible CIA  project to test  sending anthrax through the mail involved a scientist who later was responsible for  the anthax attacks.

The NBC Medical Defense Information Server. The Nuclear Biological and Chemical Medical Web page is provided by the U.S. Army's Office of the Surgeon General.  It contains extensive medical documentation, training material, audio-video clips, a powerful search engine, and links to other related Internet sites. The Medical References/ Briefings section contains information on a variety of biological threats including  influenza, smallpox, anthrax etc.  These powerpoint presentations include physical data on the agents, signs and symptoms, information on the means of dispersion or weaponization, treatments and medical resources required and new drugs under investigation, vaccines and other epidemiological concerns.   http://www.nbc-med.org/

Smallpox: Medline Plus information page. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/smallpox.html  A collection of links to articles focusing on news, research, therapies, information overviews and other sources on Smallpox.

Useful portals and collections of  resources on biological and chemical terrorism:

Anthrax and Bioterrorism Webliography.   http://www.freepint.com/gary/bioterror.html

Chemical and Biological Weapons, University of Louisville. http://www.louisville.edu/library/ekstrom/govpubs/subjects/war/chemical.html

Johns Hopkins University - Center for Civilian Biodefense Studies. Perhaps the best all-around site on the subject, containing civilian policy analyses, as well as government reports and testimony. See also D.A. Henderson's series of articles and others within the online version of Biodefense Quarterly.  http://www.hopkins-biodefense.org

Mitretek Systems. Background on Chemical Warfare.  Discussions and links to resources on dissemination, history, countermeasures. http://www.mitretek.org/mission/envene/chemical/chem_back.html#offense and defense

Monterey Institute of International Studies chemical and biological weapons resource page. Good analytical articles, including estimates of world stocks of different agents.  http://cns.miis.edu/research/cbw/

University of South Florida - Center for Biological Defense. Contains links to many useful reports and to other sites.  http://www.bt.usf.edu

Federation of American Scientists.  Chemical and Biological Arms Control Program.   Provides links to materials and analysis of the Anthrax attacks, agricultural biowarfare and bioterrorism, weapons conventions, and the U.S. biodefense program.  http://www.fas.org/bwc/index.html

Nuclear terrorism:

Can Terrorists Build Nuclear Weapons? Nuclear Control Institute, http://www.nci.org/k-m/makeab.htm

"Dirty Bombs and Basement Nukes: The Terrorist Nuclear Threat." Henry Kelly, President of the Federation of American Scientists,  testimony on March 6, 2002 before the  Senate Foreign Relations Committee hearing.  The testimony reviewed the dangers presented by radiological  attacks - intentional releases of nuclear materials meant to kill or injure American citizens and to destroy property.
http://www.fas.org/ssp/docs/kelly_testimony_030602.pdf

 A NATION CHALLENGED: TECHNOLOGY; Despite New Tools, Detecting Nuclear Material Is Doubtful,  By JAMES GLANZ
The New York Times,  March 18, 2002, Monday, Late Edition - Final,  Section A; Page 13; Column 5. Article discusses radiological weapons and the difficulty of detection. Click on the hypertext link. A Lexis search box with a predefined search will appear. Click on the search button and a link to the article will be provided.

Nuclear Terrorism News Stories. (dealing with the protection of reactors, capabilities of terrorists to build nuclear weapons, "dirty bombs", theft of radioactive materials)   http://www.nci.org/nt-hl.htm

Nuclear Terrorism: How to Prevent it. Nuclear Control Institute. http://www.nci.org/nuketerror.htm
 

Weapons of Mass Destruction and Proliferation:

Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction: Assessing the Risks. U.S. Office of Technology Assessment Report, August 1993.
This report is also available in paper in the Fairchild Library Govt Docs Area:  call number - Y 3.T 22/2:2 W 37/2
Report describes the effects of nuclear, chemical and biological weapons and looks at the consequences of their spread. It also covers the technical aspects of  monitoring and controlling production.

Proliferation: Threat and Response. Office of the Secretary of Defense, January 2001.   http://www.defenselink.mil/pubs/ptr20010110.pdf
This report updates information about the nature of the proliferation problem and describes the policies and programs of the Defense Department to address this issue. Covers nuclear, biological and chemical weapon production and proliferation.

Technologies Underlying Weapons of Mass Destruction (PDF VERSION) Office of Technology Assessment Report,  Dec, 1993.
This report is a background paper and companion volume to the OTA report, Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction : Assessing the risks.It reviews the technical requirements for building and development of  nuclear, chemical and biological weapons,  as well as the systems for delivering such weapons.

Unclassified Report to Congress on the Acquisition of Technology Relating to Weapons of Mass Destruction and Advanced Conventional Munitions, 1 January Through 30 June 2001
  Report from the Director of Central Intelligence on  "the acquisition by foreign countries during the preceding 6 months of dual-use and other technology useful for the development or production of weapons of mass destruction (including nuclear weapons, chemical weapons, and biological weapons) and advanced conventional munitions; and  trends in the acquisition of such technology by such countries.”

Federation of American Scientists. Weapons of Mass Destruction page.   http://www.fas.org/nuke/index.html

Disruptive attacks:

Defending Cyberspace: A National Plan for Information Systems Protection, White House, January 2000.
 This report proposes a  plan for defense of  critical information systems.
 http://www.fas.org/irp/offdocs/pdd/CIP-plan.pdf

Presidential Decision Directive (PDD) 63, Critical Infrastructure Protection, May 22, 1998
 This directive instituted a framework to reduce the vulnerability of critical infrastructure within the United States to terrorist attacks, the effects of natural disasters and criminal activity.
 http://www.fas.org/irp/offdocs/pdd/pdd-63.htm

Report of the President of the United States on the Status of Federal Critical Infrastructure Protection Activities, January 2001
 This report covers cybersecurity vulnerability and the ability of industry and government to respond to or prevent such attacks.
 http://www.fas.org/irp/offdocs/pdd/CIP_2001_CongRept.pdf

Thomas Homer-Dixon, "The Rise of Complex Terrorism"Foreign Policy  January/February 2002
Abstract: "Modern societies face a cruel paradox: Fast-paced technological  and economic innovations may deliver unrivalled prosperity, but they also render rich nations vulnerable to crippling, unanticipated attacks. By relying on intricate networks and concentrating vital assets in small geographic clusters, advanced Western nations only amplify the destructive power of terrorists—and the psychological and financial damage they can inflict" .http://www.foreignpolicy.com/issue_janfeb_2002/homer-dixon.html

Costs:

"The Friction Economy: American business just got the bill for the terrorist attacks: $151 billion--a year."(Statistical Data Included) Anna Bernasek. Fortune, Feb 18, 2002 v145 i4 p104+

Economic Costs of Terrorism, International Review, January 29, 2002. http://www.geocities.com/Paris/Rue/4637/terr25a.html

Additional articles on cost of terrorist attacks, increased security, War on Terrorism can be found by searching the library's databases such as Academic Index, Proquest or Dow Jones... try searching under Terrorism and Economic impact, Economic aspects, Costs, etc.



Airline Security

Aviation and Transport Security Act. Public Law 107-71,  S. 1447. Passed by House and Senate on November 16, 2001. Enacted  Nov. 19, 2001.

Airline Security Improvements. Statement  of Captain Duane E. Woerh, president Airline Pilots Association International before the Subcommitee on Oversight of Government Management..., the Committee on Governmental Affairs, U.S. Senate. November 14, 2001.
http://www.alpa.org/internet/tm/tm111401.html

Countering Airline Terrorism, interview with Jesse (Jack) Beauchamp. Caltech 336
http://pr.caltech.edu/periodicals/336/articles/Volume%201/11-15-01/terrorism.html

"Opening argument: Skies won't be safe until we use commonsense profiling". Stuart Taylor Jr., National Journal, March 18, 2002
http://nationaljournal.com/members/buzz/2002/openingargument/031802.htm

Technology vs. Terrorism: Some of the best engineering brains offer antidotes in the wake of the Sept. 11 attacks. Harry Hutchinson. Mechanical Engineering-CIME, Jan 2002 v124 p48.

White House Commission on  Aviation Safety and Security, Final Report to President Clinton. Feb. 12, 1997
http://www.fas.org/irp/threat/212fin%7E1.html



Defense against terrorism

Advisory Panel to Assess Domestic Response Capabilities for Terrorism Involving Weapons of Mass Destruction (The Gilmore Commission)
This Congressional Advisory Panel has issued three reports the most recent of which was released in December 2001. The second report is on national strategy.
 http://www.rand.org/nsrd/terrpanel/

Attorney General Transcript News Conference with German Interior Minister Otto Schily,  Berlin, Germany,  December 14, 2001
 http://www.usdoj.gov/ag/speeches/2001/1214newsconferencewithschilyberlin.htm

Bruce Auster, "Striking Back at Terrorism: Engineers are developing some suprising new defenses for a war the nation hopes will never come," ASEE Prism Online. February 2000. http://www.asee.org/prism/feb00/html/coverstory.cfm

Nicholas Berry and Tomas Valasek, "The Fragile International Counter-Terrorism Coalition," Sept. 24, 2001  http://www.cdi.org/terrorism/fragilecoalition.html

Combating Terrorism: Selected Challenges and Related Recommendations, GAO-01-822, U.S. General Accounting Office.September 20, 2001.
The U.S. General Accounting office has published extensively on the topic of combating terrorism. This is a PDF version of a  recent report issued shortly after the world trade center attacks. They have also created special collections of their reports on terrorism and homeland security.
http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/useftp.cgi?IPaddress=162.140.64.21&filename=d01822.pdf&directory=/diskb/wais/data/gao

Counter terrorism Office. U.S. Department of State. http://www.state.gov/s/ct/

Countering the Changing Threat of International Terrorism. A report of the National Commission on Terrorism, 2000 . Hearings on this report were held by the U.S. Senate in the summer of 2000 and can be found at the following links.
 http://purl.access.gpo.gov/GPO/LPS10303
 http://purl.access.gpo.gov/GPO/LPS10304
A printed copy of the hearing is available under Su Doc # Y4 .F 76/2:S.HRG.106-848

Human Behavior and WMD Crisis/Risk Communication workshop. Report of a March 2001 conference sponsored by the DoD and FBI on human behavior during WMD events. http://www.bt.usf.edu/Reports/wmdbehav.pdf

Office of Homeland Security.  Provides news, budgetary information, advisory information. http://www.whitehouse.gov/homeland/

Presidential Decision Directive (PDD) 39, U.S. Policy on Counterterrorism, June 21, 1995
 A  Clinton Administration’s counterterrorism policy issued after the bombing of the Oklahoma City federal building. (declassified version)
 http://www.fas.org/irp/offdocs/pdd39.htm

Presidential Decision Directive (PDD) 62, Protection Against Unconventional Threats to the Homeland and Americans Overseas, May 22, 1998
 An update to PDD 39, this directive established a national coordinator for counterterrorism.
  http://www.fas.org/irp/offdocs/pdd-62.htm

U.S. Commission on National Security in the 21st Century (Hart-Rudman Commission)
This series  reports about the threat of mass casualty terrorism to the United States. The third report is entitled: Road Map for National Security: Imperative for Change, February 2001.
 http://www.nssg.gov/index.html

"Procedures for Trials by Military Commissions of Certain Non-United States Citizens in the War against Terrorism." Department of Defense, March 21, 2002. http://www.defenselink.mil/news/Mar2002/d20020321ord.pdf

Saudi Security and the War on Terrorism, A. Cordesman et al. Center for Strategic and International Studies.
Rough Draft dated March 3, 2002
 http://www.csis.org/burke/saudi21/SaudiWarTerr030302.pdf

Tomas Valasek, "European Allies: How they can help, what they fear," Sept. 24, 2001. http://www.cdi.org/terrorism/europe.html

American Civil Liberties Union. Articles on liberties that should be defended despite terrorist attack, information on government wiretapping and issues involved in airport security procedures.  http://www.aclu.org/safeandfree/index.html

ANSER Institute for Homeland Security, a.k.a. Analytic Services, Inc.  Private consulting group. Current legislative updates, Presidential Decision directives, Executive Orders, independent research.  http://homelandsecurity.org

Center for Defense Information. Terrorism Project. http://www.cdi.org/terrorism/actionupdate.cfm
"CDI's new Terrorism Project is designed to provide insights, in-depth analysis and facts on the military, security and foreign policy challenges as the United States, and the world, faces terrorism." The project looks at all aspects of fighting terrorism, from near-term issues of response and defense, to long-term questions about how the United States should shape its future international  security strategy. " Use the topical categories on the left to navigate to many useful articles on specific nations responses and transnational cooperation.

Terrorism Library. This site has a list of articles on global cooperation on this issue some of which are identified above. Also, see the sections on Saudi Arabia's role or the European role.   http://www.terrorismlibrary.com/global_cooperation.htm
You can also use the Terrorism Library site to locate non-western news perspectives through its links to foreign news sources in English. The following link is to the Middle East news listing:  http://www.terrorismlibrary.com/middle_east_news.htm

Counter-terrorism policy/overseas:

The Need for an International Counter-terrorism Unit. Eric Herren, ICT Consultant. August 15, 1999.  http://www.ict.org.il/articles/articledet.cfm?articleid=90

Overseas Security Advisory Council . The Overseas Security Advisory Council (OSAC) was established in 1985 by the U.S. Department of State to foster the exchange of   security related information between the U.S. Government and American private sector operating abroad. Administered by the  Bureau of Diplomatic Security, OSAC has developed into an  joint venture for effective security cooperation. It provides  the American private sector, including colleges and universities, with timely information on which to make informed corporate decisions on how best to protect their investment, facilities, personnel and intellectual property abroad. Reports on travel warnings, security incidents and significant security event. Parts of the site are password controlled to members.  http://www.ds-osac.org/default.cfm

The Role of Intelligence in Counter-Terrorism.Dr. Ely Karmon, ICT Senior Researcher . This article is based on a paper presented at the Conference on “Intelligence in the 21st Century” (Castle of San Marino, Priverno, Italy 14 – 16 February 2001)  http://www.ict.org.il/articles/articledet.cfm?articleid=152

See also the International Policy Institute for Counter Terrorism web site.  Specifically the articles under their Counter-terrorism section.  http://www.ict.org.il/


For additional assistance or research advice contact:
Roseann Bowerman
Social Sciences and Government Publications Librarian
Lehigh University
Library and Technology Services
phone: 758-3053
email: rb04@lehigh.edu

Guide created March 2002. Revised and updated August 2003