Philosophy
Professors. Gordon Bearn, Ph.D. (Yale); Mark H. Bickhard, Ph.D. (Chicago), Henry R. Luce Professor in Cognitive Robotics and the Philosophy of Knowledge; Robin Dillon, Ph.D. (Pittsburgh), chair and William Wilson Selfridge Professor of Philosophy; Steven Louis Goldman, Ph.D. (Boston), Andrew W. Mellon Distinguished Professor in the Humanities; Roslyn Weiss, Ph.D. (Columbia), chair and Clara H. Stewardson Professor of Philosophy.
Associate Professors. Michael Mendelson, Ph.D. (San Diego); Aladdin Yaqub, Ph.D. (University of Wisconsin, Madison).
Philosophy is born of discomfort. Whether it is the need to account for tragedies, the incongruities between our assumptions about the world and what experience and science reveal, being exposed to different ways of thinking, philosophy arises in those contexts in which serious questions emerge about the adequacy of our deepest assumptions.
Philosophy is concerned with foundational questions about the nature and extent of human knowledge (epistemology), about the nature of reality and the distinction between appearance and reality (metaphysics), about the nature, scope, and grounds of moral value (ethics), and about the nature and theoretical foundations of formal reasoning and valid inference (logic).
The Major Program
The major program in philosophy is designed to provide a broad exposure to the major areas of philosophy as well as a strong grounding in the history of the western philosophical tradition. The program emphasizes the close reading and critical evaluation of classic texts from ancient times to the present, and students can expect to develop sophisticated analytic and expository skills that will enable them to engage in original, critical reflection on their own. The major program provides excellent preparation for graduate study in philosophy as well as a solid foundation for any career that places a premium upon clear, careful thinking, rigorous conceptual and analytical skills, and effective written and oral communication.
The major consists of a minimum of 40 credits in philosophy. These must include PHIL 292 Philosophical Methods (2 credits) for junior majors, the senior thesis sequence PHIL 390 (2 credits) and PHIL 391 (6 credits), and 16 credits of Disciplinary Area courses. At least 12 credits in addition to PHIL 292, 390, and 391 must be at the 200-level or above. Independent studies may be taken to satisfy major requirements.
Major Requirements
Thesis and Methods (8 credits)
PHIL 292 | Philosophical Methods |
PHIL390 | Senior Thesis |
PHIL 391 | Senior Thesis |
Disciplinary Areas (16 credits)
Logic
1 course from the following: PHIL 114, 115, 303
Ethics
1 course from the following: PHIL 8, 105, 116, 205, 206
History of Philosophy
2 courses from the following: PHIL 131, 132, 133, 135, 137, 139, 231, 232, 233, 235, 237, 239
Advanced Courses (12 credits)
In addition to PHIL 292, PHIL 390, and PHIL 391, majors must take 12 credits of courses at the 200-level or above. Disciplinary area courses can satisfy this requirement.
Writing-Intensive Requirement
Majors are strongly encouraged to fulfill their junior writing-intensive requirement by taking a WI-designated philosophy course.
Senior Thesis
The senior thesis is a year-long independent project during which philosophy majors, with the consent and under the guidance of a philosophy faculty advisor, investigate a topic of special interest to them. The topic may be historical or non-historical, pure or applied, disciplinary or interdisciplinary; the only constraint is that the topic must be approved by the thesis advisor. Seniors take PHIL 390 in the fall, devoting their energies to refining the topic, working through the bulk of the essential literature, and producing a paper roughly 20 pages in length on the thesis topic. PHIL 391 is taken in the spring semester of the senior year and is focused on investigating the topic more intensively, expanding, revising, and refining the fall paper into a substantial senior thesis roughly 50 pages in length.
Honors
Departmental honors in philosophy are awarded to graduating seniors who satisfy the following two criteria: (a) at the start of their final semester, their overall GPA is 3.25 or higher and their GPA in philosophy is 3.5 or higher, and (b) their senior thesis receives an A from the thesis advisor and then is judged by the whole department faculty to be well-researched, well-argued, well-organized, well-written, and to exhibit original philosophical thinking.
Majors planning to pursue graduate study in philosophy are strongly encouraged to strive for Honors and to include the following courses in their programs:
PHIL 105 | Ethics |
PHIL 114 | Symbolic Logic |
PHIL 131 | Ancient Philosophy |
PHIL 135 | Modern Philosophy |
and at least one of
PHIL 220 | Theory of Knowledge |
PHIL 221 | Metaphysics |
PHIL250 | Philosophy of Mind |
The Minor Program
The minor in philosophy consists of a minimum of 16 credits, at least 4 credits of which must be at the 200-level or above. Independent studies may be taken to satisfy the minor requirements. At least two courses taken for the minor must be taught by a member of the Philosophy Department. Minor programs are planned in conjunction with the departmental advisor who will help the student plan a program compatible with his or her interests. Minor programs may be, but do not have to be, focused in a particular area such as ethics or the history of philosophy or philosophy of mind.
Undergraduate Courses
PHIL 1. The Examined Life: An Introduction to Philosophy (4)
What makes a life meaningful, what makes it worth living? In pursuit of an answer to this question this course examines many of the basic questions of philosophy: ethical questions about justice and virtue, epistemological questions about the limits of human knowledge, metaphysical questions about what there is. (HU)
PHIL 3. (REL 3) Global Religion, Global Ethics (4)
Introduction to philosophical and religious modes of moral thinking, with attention given to ethical issues as they arise cross-culturally in and through religious traditions. The course will reference the United Nations Millennium Goals to consider family life and the role of women, social justice, the environment, and ethical ideals. (HU)
PHIL 5. Contemporary Moral Problems (4)
An examination of contemporary issues that raise questions about right and wrong, good and bad, both for individuals and for social policy, using the methods, theories, and concepts of moral philosophy. (HU)
PHIL 8. (GCP 8) Ethics in Global Perspectives (4)
Examination of the moral perspectives of a variety of different ethical outlooks, including Euro-American, Hindu, Buddhist, Confucian, African, and Islamic traditions, and of serious moral problems arising from globalization, including the increasing gap between the rich so-called First World nations and the poor so-called Third World nations, global environmental degradation, war and terrorism. (HU)
PHIL 100. (POLS 100) Introduction to Political Thought (4)
Some of the most significant ancient and modern political theorists: Plato, Aristotle, Machiavelli, Hobbes, Marx, and others. Matthews (ND)
PHIL 101. (POLS 101) Ancient Political Heritage (4)
Important Political thinkers from the pre-Socratics to early, modern political theorists like Machiavelli. Matthews (SS)
PHIL 102. (POLS 102) Modern Political Heritage (4)
Begins where POLS 101 ends; from early modern theorists (e.g. Hobbes) up to contemporary thinkers (e.g. Marcuse). (SS)
PHIL 105. Ethics (4)
Examination of right and wrong, good and bad, from classic sources such as Plato, Aristotle, Hume, Kant, Mill and Nietzsche. (HU)
PHIL 114. Symbolic Logic (4)
A first course in logical theory, introducing the notions of logical consequence and proof, as well as related concepts such as consistency and contingency. Formal systems taught may include: term logic, sentence logic, and predicate logic. (MA)
PHIL 115. (MATH 115) Topics in Philosophical Logic (4)
Topics may include the many systems of non-classical logic, truth theory, the impact of incompleteness and undecidability results on philosophy, the foundational projects of various philosopher/mathematicians, or the work of an important figure in the history of philosophical logic. May be taken more than once for credit. Prerequisite: Permission of instructor. (MA)
PHIL 116. (HMS 116, REL 116) Bioethics (4)
Moral issues that arise in the context of health care and related biomedical fields in the United States today, examined in the light of the nature and foundation of moral rights and obligations. (HU)
PHIL 117. (AAS 117) Race and Philosophy (4)
An introduction to the philosophy born of struggle against racism and white supremacy. We will read the work of philosophers, mostly European, who quietly made modern racism possible by inventing the category of race, but we will concentrate on the work of philosophers, mostly of African descent, who for 200 years have struggled to force a philosophical critique of the category of race and the practice of white supremacy. (HU)
PHIL 118. (REL 118) Ethics in Practice (1-4)
A variable content course focusing on ethical issues arising in a particular profession, such as law health, business, engineering, military. Variable credit. May be taken more than once. (HU)
PHIL 120. Philosophy in Film (4)
This seminar course will explore a variety of themes, genres, and movements within cinema from a philosophical perspective. Regular screenings of films from silent era to present. Content may vary depending upon instructor. Course may be repeated for credit if the content varies substantially. (HU)
PHIL 121. Philosophy in Literature (4)
Exploration of philosophical themes through the study of literature and film. Authors may include: Homer, Euripides, Dante, Rimbaud, Sterne, George Eliot, Valery, Joyce, Melville, T.S. Eliot, Rilke, Proust, Musil, Stevens, Cummings, Camus, Sartre, Beckett, Morrison, Barthelme. (HU)
PHIL 122. Philosophy of Law (4)
Analysis of the conceptual foundations of our legal system. Special attention devoted to the nature of law and legal obligation, liberty and privacy in constitutional litigation, justice and contractual obligation, theories of punishment in criminal law, and the nature and scope of responsibility in criminal law. (HU)
PHIL 123. Aesthetics (4)
Theories, classical and modern, of the nature of beauty and the aesthetic experience. Practical criticism of some works of art, and examination of analogies between arts, and between art and nature. (HU)
PHIL 124. (REL 124) Philosophy of Religion (4)
Critical examination, from a philosophical perspective, of some fundamental problems of religion, the nature of religious experience and belief, reason and revelation, the existence and nature of God, the problem of evil, and religious truth. (HU)
PHIL 125. Social and Political Philosophy (4)
Examination of visions of good social life and values that should shape society so that people are able to live good lives together. Issues covered may include the nature of freedom, how the facts of gender, race, class, ethnic, and cultural differences should be taken into account in social and political relations, the limits of religious tolerance, war, world hunger. (HU)
PHIL 126. (REL 126) Professional Ethics (4)
An examination of the moral rules and action guides that govern various professions. Professions to be examined will include health (physician and nursing); legal; counseling and psychiatry; engineering; military; clergy; teaching. Attention will be given to modes of ethical reasoning and how those modes are practically applied in professional life and activity. (HU)
PHIL 127. Existentialism (4)
Investigation of the historical development of existentialism from its origins in the 19th century (Kierkegaard, Nietzsche) through its marriage to phenomenology in the early 20th (Heidegger, Sartre, Merleau-Ponty), and out the other side as a vigorous dimension of much literary, psychological, and artistic work produced in the last 50 years. (HU)
PHIL 128. Philosophy of Science (4)
Introduction to the structure and methods of scientific investigation. The nature of explanation, confirmation, and falsification. Scientific progress: What is it? Would it be suffocated by obedience to completely rational methods? (HU)
PHIL 129. (REL 129) Jewish Philosophy (4)
Consideration of how major Jewish thinkers from the first to 20th centuries confronted questions at the intersection of religion and philosophy: the existence and nature of God, free will, evil, divine providence, miracles, creation, revelation, and religious obligation. (HU)
PHIL 131. (CLSS 131) Ancient Philosophy (4)
Historical survey of selected texts and issues in the classical world, from the pre-Socratics through Aristotle, with emphasis on the origins of the western philosophical traditions in ethics, metaphysics, and epistemology. (HU)
PHIL 132. (CLSS 132) Hellenistic Philosophy (4)
Historical survey of selected texts and issues in post-Aristotelian Greek and Roman philosophy from the fourth century B.C. to the third century A.D. Areas of focus may include epicureanism, stoicism, academic and pyrrohnian scepticism, and neoplatonism. (HU)
PHIL 133. Medieval Philosophy (4)
Historical survey of selected texts and issues in western philosophy from the fourth to 14th centuries. Attention will be given to the relation between developments in medieval philosophy and major currents in ancient and modern thought. Figures may include Augustine, Eriugena, Anselm, Aquinas, Ockham, and Nicholas of Autrecourt. (HU)
PHIL 135. Modern Philosophy (4)
Historical survey of selected texts and issues in 17th and 18th century European philosophy with particular emphasis on developments in epistemology and metaphysics. Attention will be given to the relation of the “modern period” to developments in late medieval philosophy and the rise of the experimental sciences. Figures may include Descartes, Leibniz, Locke, Hume, and Kant. (HU)
PHIL 137. Nineteenth Century Philosophy (4)
Historical survey of selected texts and issues in 19th century philosophy. Areas of focus may include post-Kantian idealism; period-specific critiques of religion, politics, and morality; theories of history; the origins of utilitarianism, pragmatism, existentialism, and mathematical logic; etc. Figures may include Hegel, Marx, Kierkegaard, Mill, Peirce, Frege, Nietzsche, James, etc. (HU)
PHIL 139. Contemporary Philosophy (4)
Philosophical thought from the late19th century to the present; pragmatism, linguistic analysis, existentialism, and Marxism. Truth and knowledge, values and moral judgment, meaning, the place of the individual in the physical world and society, and the impact of the scientific method upon all of these. (HU)
PHIL 140. (ASIA 140) Eastern Philosophy (4)
Survey of selected texts and issues in the eastern philosophical traditions. Attention will be given to the development and interrelations of these traditions as well as a comparison of western and eastern treatments of selected issues. Areas of focus may include Confucianism, Taoism, and Zen Buddhism. (HU)
PHIL 141 (REL 141) Medieval Islamic Philosophy (4)
An introduction to Islamic philosophy in the medieval era, the Golden Age of Islamic civilization. The course focuses on primary sources. Readings include both expositions and critiques of philosophical doctrines and arguments, selected from the writings of several Islamic philosophers including al-Farabi, Ibn Sina (Avicenna), al-Ghazali, Ibn Tufayl, and Ibn Rushd (Averroes). (HU)
PHIL 205. Contemporary Ethics (4)
Examination of significant questions addressed by contemporary moral philosophers. Topics vary, but might include: What is a good person? Can a woman be good in the same way as a man? Is morality relative or absolute? Is morality all that important? Prerequisite: One HU-designated course in Philosophy at 100-level or higher. Consent of the instructor. (HU)
PHIL 206. Figures/Themes in Ethics (4)
This semester course will involve in-depth focus on a major figure in ethics (e.g., Plato, Aristotle, Hume, Kant, Mill, etc.) or on a theme such as relativism, free will, the intersection of religion and ethics, or war. Prerequisite: One HU-designated course in Philosophy at 100-level or higher. May be taken more than once for credit. (HU)
PHIL 217. Figures/Themes in Race and Philosophy (4)
An investigation of a significant figure in the philosophy of race (e.g. David Walker, W.E.B. DuBois, Alain Locke, Marcus Garvey, Jean-Paul Sartre, Franz Fanon, Cornel West) and/or an investigation of a significant theme in the philosophy of race (Racial Exploitation, Colonialism, Negritude, Afrocentrism, Black Nationalism, African Philosophy, Black Athena). Content Varies. Prerequisite: One HU-designated course in Philosophy at 100-level or higher. May be taken more than once for credit. (HU)
PHIL 220. Theory of Knowledge (4)
Recent work in epistemology. Questions addressed include: If you can’t know whether you are dreaming, how can you know you have two hands? Does knowledge require answers to all possible doubts or only all reasonable doubts? How should we determine the horizon of the reasonable—psychologically or philosophically? Prerequisite: One HU-designated course in Philosophy at 100-level or higher. (HU)
PHIL 221. Metaphysics (4)
A survey of contemporary literature in metaphysics. Topics may include: the nature of existence, universals and properties, identity and individuation, causation, necessity and possibility, reduction and emergence, and realism and antirealism. Prerequisite: One HU-designated course in Philosophy at 100-level or higher. (HU)
PHIL 223. Figures/Themes in Aesthetics (4)
An investigation of a significant figure in aesthetics (e.g., Burke, Kant, Hegel, Benjamin, Adorno, Goodman, Kivy, Derrida, Deleuze) and/or an investigation of a significant theme in aesthetics (e.g., sensuality, representation, politics, expressionism, cinematic gore, minimalism, architecture, postmodernism). Content varies. Prerequisite: One HU-designated course in Philosophy at 100-level or higher. May be taken more than once for credit. (HU)
PHIL 224. (REL 224) Topics in the Philosophy of Religion (4)
Selected problems and issues in the philosophy of religion. Content varies. Prerequisite: One HU-designated course in Philosophy at 100-level or higher. May be taken more than once for credit. (HU)
PHIL 226. (WGSS 226) Feminism and Philosophy (4)
Analysis of the nature, sources, and consequences of the oppression and exploitation of women and justification of strategies for liberation. Topics include women’s nature and human nature, sexism, femininity, sexuality, reproduction, mothering. Prerequisite: One HU designated course in philosophy, or one course in Women, Gender, and Sexuality Studies. (HU)
PHIL 228. Topics in the Philosophy of Science (4)
Themes in the natural, life and social sciences. May be repeated for credit as topic varies. Prerequisite: One 100-level HU-designated course or consent of instructor. (HU)
PHIL 231. (CLSS 231) Figures/Themes in Ancient Philosophy (4)
This seminar course will involve indepth focus upon a major ancient thinker (e.g. Plato, Aristotle, Sextus Empiricus, Plotinus, etc.) or the classical treatment of a particular theme (e.g. “human nature,” “the good life,” ethical or political theory, etc.). Content varies. Prerequisite: One HU-designated course in Philosophy at 100-level or higher. May be taken more than once for credit. (HU)
PHIL 232. (CLSS 232) Figures/Themes in Hellenistic Philosophy (4)
This seminar course will involve an in-depth focus upon a major movement in Hellenistic Philosophy (roughly 4th century B.C.E. to the 2nd Century C.E.) such as Epicureanism, Stoicism, Ancient Scepticism, or Neoplatonism, or the Hellenistic treatment of a particular theme (e.g. freedom from anxiety, the nature of the Cosmos and our place within it, or human nature). Content varies. Prerequisite: One HU-designated course in Philosophy at 100-level or higher. May be taken more than once for credit. (HU)
PHIL 233. Figures/Themes in Medieval Philosophy (4)
This seminar course will involve in-depth focus upon a major medieval thinker (e.g. Augustine, Boethius, Maimonides, Bonaventure, Dante, etc.) or the medieval treatment of a particular theme (e.g. the relation of “will” and “intellect,” the “problem of universals,” ethical or political theory, etc.). Content varies. Prerequisite: One HU-designated course in Philosophy at 100-level or higher. May be taken more than once for credit. (HU)
PHIL 235. Figures/Themes in Modern Philosophy (4)
This seminar course will involve in-depth focus upon a major 17th or 18th century thinker (e.g. Descartes, Leibniz, Berkeley, Kant, etc.) or the modern treatment of a particular theme (e.g. the nature of “ideas,” the roles of experience, reason, and revelation, ethical or political theory, etc.). Content varies. Prerequisite: One HU-designated course in Philosophy at 100-level or higher. May be taken more than once for credit. (HU)
PHIL 237. Figures/Themes in Nineteenth Century Philosophy (4)
This seminar course will involve in-depth focus upon a major 19th century thinker (e.g. Hegel, Marx, Kierkegaard, Mill, Peirce, Frege, Nietzsche, James, etc.) or the 19th century treatment of a particular theme (e.g. the end of history, revolution, nihilism, authenticity, origins of mathematical logic, infinity, etc.). Content varies. Prerequisite: One HU-designated course in Philosophy at 100-level or higher. May be taken more than once for credit. (HU)
PHIL 239. Figures/Themes in Contemporary Philosophy (4)
This seminar course will involve in-depth focus upon a major contemporary thinker (e.g. Russell, Whitehead, Husserl, Heidegger, Wittgenstein, Quine, Habermas, Rawls, Rorty, Derrida, Davidson, Foucault, Deleuze, Irigaray, etc.) or the contemporary treatment of a particular theme (e.g. logical positivism, naturalism, non-foundationalism, existential phenomenology, return to virtue, neopragmatism, hermeneutics, post-structuralism, postmodernism, neokantian political theory, the politics of identity, etc.). Content varies. Prerequisite: One HU-designated course in Philosophy at 100-level or higher. May be taken more than once for credit. (HU)
PHIL 240. (ASIA 240) Figures/Themes in Eastern Philosophy (4)
This seminar course will involve in-depth focus upon a major figure in Eastern thought or upon the Eastern treatment of a particular theme or set of themes. Content varies. Prerequisite: One HU-designated course in Philosophy at 100-level or higher. May be taken more than once for credit. (HU)
PHIL 241. (REL 241) Critics of Religion (4)
In recent years, with the resurgence of religion as a significant political force globally, the claims of religion have been subjected to renewed scrutiny and critique. A wide array of scientists, philosophers, and social critics (e.g., Richard Dawkins, Daniel Dennet, Sam Harris, Christopher Hitchens) have challenged religion’s basic claims and provide alternative rational, scientifically grounded explanations. However, in many instances, these books fall short of the powerful critiques, previously formulated by philosophers such as Baruch Spinoza and Friedrich Nietzsche, or those of contemporary French philosophers Michel Foucault and Gilles Deleuze. In this seminar, we shall explore in-depth the critiques of religion contained in the writings of Spinoza, Nietzsche, Sigmund Freud, Foucault and Deleuze. Students will have an opportunity to examine one or more of the recent critiques of religion in light of the arguments of these philosophers. (HU)
PHIL 250. (CogS 250) Philosophy of Mind (4)
An exploration of the mind-body problem. Are the body and mind distinct substances (dualism); or is there only body (materialism); or only mind (idealism)? Other views to be considered include behaviorism (the view that behavior can be explained without recourse to mental states), and the view that the mind is a complex computer. Prerequisite: One HU-designated course in Philosophy at 100-level or higher. (HU)
PHIL 260. Philosophy of Language (4)
Analysis of the nature of the correspondence between the words we use and the world in which we live. Our unifying theme is the quest for an understanding of truth, conceived as a peculiar relation between language and reality. We examine such central notions as meaning and reference, as understood in historically influential philosophical theories of language. Prerequisite: One HU-designated course in Philosophy at 100-level or higher. (HU)
PHIL 265. Philosophy of Mathematics (4)
A survey of the main philosophical views on the nature of mathematics and mathematical knowledge, including the classical debate between the logicist, formalist, and intuitionist schools, and the recent debate between realism and antirealism. Some of the material makes use of logical theory. Prerequisite: One HU-designated course in Philosophy at 100-level or higher. (HU)
PHIL 271. Independent Study (1-4)
Individual philosophical investigation of an author, book, or topic designed in collaboration with a philosophy professor. Tutorial meetings; substantial written work. Prerequisite: One HU- designated course in philosophy at 100-level or higher. Consent of faculty instructor and may be repeated more than once for credit. (ND)
PHIL 292. Philosophical Methods (4)
Methods of and approaches to philosophical research, reasoning, and writing, as preparation for senior thesis. Open only to junior philosophy majors. Department permission required. (HU)
PHIL 303. (MATH 303) Mathematical Logic (3-4)
Detailed proofs for the basic mathematical results relating the syntax and semantics of first-order logic (predicate logic): the Soundness and Completeness (and Compactness) Theorems, followed by a brief exposition of the celebrated limitative results of Gödel, Turing, and Church on incompleteness and undecidability. The material is conceptually rigorous and mathematically mature; the necessary background is a certain degree of mathematical sophistication or a basic knowledge of symbolic logic. Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor. (MA)
PHIL 304. (MATH 304) Axiomatic Set Theory (3-4)
A development of set theory from axioms; relations and functions; ordinal and cardinal arithmetic; recursion the orem; axiom of choice; independence questions. Prerequisite: MATH 301 or consent of the department chair. (MA)
PHIL 329. (MATH 329) Computability Theory (3-4)
Course development of classical computability theory; enumeration, index and recursion theorems, various models of computation and Church’s Thesis, uncomputability results, introduction to reducibilities and their degrees (in particular, Turning degrees, or degrees of uncomputability), computable operators and their fixed points. (MA)
PHIL 347. (REL 347, AMST 347) American Religious Thinkers (4)
An examination of the writings of key figures in the history of American religious thought (such as Edwards, Emerson, Bushnell, Peirce, James, Royce, Dewey and the Niebuhrs). Attention will be directed both to the historical reception of these writings and to their contemporary significance. Prerequisite: One HU-designated course in Philosophy at 100-level or higher. (HU)
PHIL 364. (POLS 364) Issues in Contemporary Political Philosophy (4)
Selected topics in contemporary political philosophy, such as the Frankfurt school, existentialism, legitimation, authenticity, participatory democracy, and the alleged decline of political philosophy. May be repeated for credit with consent of the political science chair. (SS)
PHIL 367. (POLS 367) American Political Thought (4)
Critical examination of American political thought from the founding of the Republic to the present. Writings from Madison, Hamilton, and Jefferson to Emma Goldman, Mary Daly, Malcolm X, Henry Kariel, and others will be discussed. (SS)
PHIL 371. Advanced Independent Study (1-4)
Individual philosophical investigation of an author, book, or topic designed in collaboration with a philosophy professor. Tutorial meetings; substantial written work. Prerequisite: One HU designated philosophy course at 200-level or higher, and consent of instructor. May be repeated more than once for credit. (ND)
PHIL 390. Senior Thesis (2)
The first part of two semesters of intensive research and writing supervised by the philosophy faculty thesis advisor in anticipation of completing a senior thesis in philosophy. Individual tutorials; substantial written work. Senior standing as a philosophy major and permission of the philosophy faculty thesis advisor required. (HU)
PHIL 391. Senior Thesis (4)
Continuation and completion of PHIL 390 under the guidance of the thesis advisor. Prerequisites: PHIL 390; permission of the thesis advisor required. (HU)