Computer Hardware Tips

Table of Contents


Disk Maintenance (Defragmenter)

Run Disk Defragmenter on your PC hard drive periodically (monthly). Disk fragmentation occurs when files are deleted, software is installed or removed, internet browser cached information, etc., which leaves the data scatter over the disk rather then being continuous. This slows down retrieval of web pages, files and programs. Running a defragmenter realigns data consecutively on the disk and improves performance. 

Defragmenter Procedure. Depending on the size of the disk drive, file activity and frequency of defragging, the process may take an hour. We recommend you do not use the computer while the disk is being reorganized and that you start the process then go to lunch.

  • Close all applications
  • Deactivate the antivirus software. For Symantec (Was Norton’s), right click on the shield in the system tray and click on “Enable File System Realtime Protection”. The check mark will be removed.
  • Run disk defragmenter by going to Start/All Programs/Accessories/System Tools/Disk Defragmenter

When the process is completed, reactivate Symantec by right clicking on the shield and click on “Enable File System Realtime Protection” - the check mark indicates it is active.

Note: The disk defragmenter can be cancelled by hitting the Stop button with no problems. However, wait until the program has fully stopped before closing the application.

– December 31, 2003

Computer Vendor Warranty Maintenance Plans and Suggestions

TIMS is a certified hardware service provider approved to repair the recommended systems for Lehigh University's community. The Computer Technicians can help service systems in a variety of ways such as obtain parts for systems in and out of warranty, bios updates, driver downloads, hardware upgrades, etc. However, the cost and method of hardware repairs they can perform for systems in warranty depends on the maintenance service plan the "original" purchaser acquired with the system. Computer vendors offer several extended hardware maintenance service plans, with an associated price increase, to extend the initial computer's hardware warranty and technical support (technical software support are not discussed here, but these support services are available from the Client Services teams). Typically the warranty period begins when the system is shipped and covers replacing the normal wear and tear of failed parts and associated labor for one year. Each vendor describes their extended plans differently and it could be confusing which option best meets your needs. It is strongly recommended that you review the service options available by your preferred vendor and determine which plan is best for your life style. No plan insures that the data and programs stored on the hard drive are maintained. Recovery of the hard drive is only done by having the original system/recovery disks, application program disks and customer file backup disks. An overview of the common types of service plans and considerations include:

  • Extended warranty service. This plan usually extends the warranty period from one year to three years and is available only at the time the system is purchased. For laptop computers, it is highly recommended to purchase a plan which extends the initial hardware warranty period to three years; strong consideration should be given to extending the warranty period for desktop computers as well. Laptop computers are moved around more and therefore subjected to more blows and breakage. Some elements of a laptop are also a bit more fragile then a desktop computer and experience more repairs. Warranty or extended warranty covers normal wear and tear of failed components and labor; it does not cover costs associated with improper handling, vandalism, acts of god, spilled liquids, etc.
  • Accidental damage protection. This plan adds additional protection to the warranty plan by covering most costs associated with repairing a system damaged by events like, spilled liquids, dropping, power surges (with surge suppressor), water leak damage, etc. These repairs can be expensive, e.g. a laptop CPU board $600, a laptop LCD display $1300. TIMS has experienced a high occurrence of spilled liquids with laptop owners. Read the vendor's plan to see what is covered but often exclude events like theft, fire, reckless abuse, etc. Consider this extra service if your lifestyle dictates this extra protection. (Note: TIMS can attempt to clean components if spillage occurs when an accidental protection plan has not be purchased; however, this is time consuming and therefore labor costs are high, and there is no guarantee that components will work properly after the cleaning, which may require a second repair to replace affected components. If this is the case, labor and parts are charged.)
  • Depot repair. A system purchased with a "Depot repair" plan, by definition, has to be sent back to the vendor for repairs and the client pays for shipping in one direction. Under this plan, one can not obtain the parts to do the repair locally, but Lehigh's technicians can provide assistance to ship the system back and check it out when it is returned. This is typically the cheapest plan to extend the warranty; however, it provides the longest repair time, e.g. 2-3 weeks.
  • Customer repairs. Some customers prefer to do their own work and not have a technician intervene. If you are savvy enough to diagnose and replace a failed component and interface with the requirements of the vendor's technical support personnel, a replacement component can be shipped directly to you for installation. You will be responsible for returning the failed component. You will also be responsible for proper installation,
  • Priority service plans. There are a variety of express plans that may be considered as well. These plans may be expensive and include overnight shipping of parts, on-site technician support, same day service if diagnosed before a certain time, etc. Unless the system is providing server services to a enterprise or group of individuals, this level of service is usually not required. It is particularly not recommended for the student population as their schedules usual preclude the immediacy required of the support vendor, i.e. they are in class when dispatchers calls to schedule an on-site technician.

– January 15, 2004

Gateway's GWSCAN Disk Utility

GWSCAN 5.07 is a Gateway-provided IDE hard disk utility used to verify that the disk is operating defect-free. This utility can be found on the customer’s Gateway Systems Bootable Drivers’ CD under DOS. The documentation on how to run the program, with associated cautions and error code explanations, can be found on the GWSCAN.TXT file. If you are uncertain how to use this utility and what the ramification will be regarding losing disk files, contact your Computing Consultant, certified Gateway repair technicians at Lehigh or Gateway Technical Support.

If possible, before running GWSCAN, it is recommended that users BACK UP ALL DATA ON ALL HARD DRIVES. However, if the system will not boot, we have had some success in repairing faulty disk file systems with it. This utility may write to the drive during the re-certification process and recovery of existing data is not guaranteed. Running this utility is worth a try when all other file recovery processes have failed.

GWSAN provides a “quick scan test” and an “extended scan test” for checking the status of the hard drive. The “extended scan test” offers the most assurance that the drive is defect-free and depending on the size of the drive and computer performance may run from 5-30 minutes. The “extended scan test” will scan the hard drive and at the end of the scan will attempt to repair certain data errors within files. Again, this attempt will include writing to the disk to repair a suspected error block, and, if possible, a file backup should have been done. If the process is successful, remove the bootable disk and boot from the C: drive.

The utility also can write zeros to the hard drive (obviously this option will destroy user data), and measure seek times and data transfer rates. Writing zeros to the hard drive is useful when an Operating System reload is the only option remaining and a verification of proper disk operation is desired before starting the long process. This program erases the hard drive writes zeros to the selected drive and cleans everything off the drive. After this program has run DATA CAN NOT BE RECOVERED EVER!! This program can be run after the “extended scan test” fails to recover the disk and it appears the drive is corrupted and reloading the operating system was not successful. This program may repair logical problems with the hard drive, but it will not correct or detect physical problems. If the hard drive is making strange noises, contact repair services immediately.

(Updated GWSAN versions can be downloaded from the Gateway, Tech Support web page. The program must be run from a formatted bootable disk. If you download a new version, before opening the file, insert a blank diskette into the floppy drive A: that has not been formatted in Windows XP, Windows 2000 or Windows NT.)

-January 28, 2004


Computer Cleaning Recommendations

Monitors and LCD panels - clean with a mild cleaning solution like Windex and a soft cloth. Lie the LCD panel flat and lightly spray the cleaner so it does not drip into crevices and affect underlying components.

Keyboards - use a Q-tip to place a drop of cleaning solution on each key. Extreme care should be exercised so liquid does not dropped between the keys and onto the underlying keyboard's electronics. Let the solution stand for a few minutes, longer if the keys are very dirty. Clean with a soft cloth not a paper towel which can leave "fussies" between the keys. Use a vacuum or compressed are to remove dust and dirt from between keys.

Fans. - the grills should be kept free of dust to allow maximum cooling to the internal components. Use a vacuum or compressed air to remove debri.

CD-rom, DVD-rom, CD/DVD Combo drives and floppy disk drives - obtain commerical disk cleaning devices for these components. Always handle the media properly, e.g. keep in its case; hold media by the edges to eliminate finger prints (oil) on the surface; do not subject the media to extreme heat and cold; etc.

– January 29,2004

Virus and Worm Protection

It is strongly recommended to aquire and install a good anti-virus software package to help protect your computer against viruses, worms and other bad elements. Even with a good software product installed, systems are still vulnerable to the latest virus invention. Additional tips to limit your exposure to these problems include:

  • Update your anti-virus software regularly. Generally, this can be done by selecting the Live Updates option. This process obtains the vendor's latest virus signature patches. Updates should be done daily or when a new virus is announced.

  • Keep the Windows operating system updated. System patches are periodically released to fix security problems. You can do this by going to Control Panel, System, Automatic Updates, and select the automatically download updates option then set the update frequency and schedule time. This should be done at least once a week. Doing updates frequently also keeps the time involved smaller as the files to download are smaller.

  • Turn on the network firewall option that came with the operating system or acquire a firewall software package. For Windows XP you can do this by going to Control Panel, Network Connections, right click on the Network Name, select Properties, Advanced, and check the box to protect the computer from Internet access.

  • Don't open e-mail from an unknown source; deleting it without reading it limits the system's exposure to viruses. But, if you do open it, don't open associated attachments, if any. E-mail and attachments are techniques used to gain entry into your system and launch a virus.

  • Don’t open attachments with odd names and file extensions, even from a known e-mail user. Some hackers use stolen e-mail addresses to gain your trust.

  • Don't download programs from Web sites, unless you know and trust the source. Running a program is another technique used to introduce a virus to the system.

  • Periodically review LTS's Security web site for current issues and best practices.

– June 28, 2004

Laptop and Hard Drive Protection

If a laptop system is jarred or moved while the hard drive is spinning, the read/write heads of the disk can be damaged as well as the media's surface where data is stored which can result in lost information or hard drive failure. It can never be stressed enough to backup your data regularly, but to limit exposure to data loss and hard drive damage you should:

  • Always shutdown or halt disk activity before moving the system. Each manufacturer have various ways to halt the system without requiring a shut down. The process may be called sleep, suspend, hibernate, etc. and may have a function key preprogrammed to expedite the function, oherwise you may need to investigate and modify the properties under the power management settings.

  • Always put your laptop in an sound carrying case and insure that components (power supplies, extra batteries, etc.) are securely stored within the case to minimize internal movement and potential breakage.

  • Avoid jolting the system when it is powered up and running.

  • Keep the system on a flat surface when in use.

– August 2, 2004




Last updated: Monday, 02-Aug-2004 10:00:18 EDT by Kathleen Butler <kmh2@lehigh.edu>